玉树隆宝湿地土壤水热变化特征及对地表反照率的影响

利用青海玉树隆宝湿地2011年10月～2012年11月的观测资料,分析了该地区土壤湿度、土壤温度、土壤热通量、感热通量和潜热通量的年变化特征,以及地表反照率的日变化特征和地表反照率随土壤湿度的变化关系.结果表明,玉树隆宝湿地土壤湿度和土壤温度均呈夏秋季（融化期）高、冬春季（冻结期）低的特点;土壤热通量在10月～次年2月为负值,3～9月为正值;感热通量的年变化幅度较小,潜热通量的值呈现夏秋季高、冬春季低的特点,地表反照率冬季高夏季低,在春季和秋季土壤冻结和融化期间地表反照率的值上午高下午低,12月份地表反照率日平均值最高,为0.44,6月份地表反照率日平均值最低,为0.24,地表反照率年平均值为0.32;冻结和融化期间,地表反照率随土壤湿度的增大而减小.

Changing Characteristics of Soil Moisture and Heat and Impact on Surface Albedo at Longbao Wetland,Yushu

Using observed data at Longbao,Yushu in Qinghai from Oct.2011 to Nov.2012,annual variations of soil moisture,soil temperature,soil heat flux,sensible heat flux and latent heat flux were analyzed.Average datily variations of surface albedo,changing characteristics of surface albedo and soil moisture were also analyzed.The results showed that both annual variations of soil moisture and soil temperature are high in summer and autumn,and low in winter and spring.Soil heat flux is negative from Oct.to Feb.in next year and positive from Mar.to Sep.Annual change extent of sensible heat flux is low.Latent heat flux is high in summer and autumn,and low in winter and spring.Surface albedo is high in winter and low in summer.During the period of soil freezing and melting,surface albedo is high in forenoon and low in afternoon.Surface albedo is 0.44 in Dec,which is the highest and 0.24 in Jun,which is the lowest.The whole year average surface albedo is 0.32.Surface albedo is low while soil moisture is high during the period of soil freezing and melting.