硅对不同辣椒品种生理特性、镉积累及化学形态的影响

采用盆栽试验方法研究了重金属Cd（10 mg?kg-1）胁迫下，叶面喷施有机Si和无机Si对不同辣椒品种生长、抗氧化酶活性及辣椒体内Cd形态和积累量的影响。结果表明：在Cd污染（10 mg?kg-1）土壤上，2个辣椒品种对叶面喷施有机Si或无机Si的反应不同。喷施Si后，世农朝天椒的果实干质量较对照分别增加28.1 %、11.4 %，艳椒425的果实干质量较对照分别降低了32.3 %、55.1 %；喷施Si提高了辣椒叶片CAT和POD活性；辣椒果实中Cd的形态以FNaCl>FHAC>FE>FHCl>>FW>Fr，喷施Si明显降低了世农朝天椒果实中乙醇提取态Cd、氯化钠提取态Cd含量和Cd总提取量，增加了艳椒425果实中氯化钠提取态Cd、醋酸提取态Cd含量和Cd总提取量；辣椒中Cd积累量以茎>根或叶>果实，叶面喷施有机Si或无机Si明显减少Cd在2个辣椒品种果实中的蓄集，艳椒425和世农朝天椒果实Cd积累量降幅分别为19.1 %、23.3 %和13.4 %、26.1 %；在相同处理条件下，辣椒果实中Cd的含量和积累量均以艳椒425>世农朝天椒。

Effect of Silicon on Accumulation and Chemical Forms of Cadmium,and Physiological Characterization in Different Varieties of Capsicum annuum L.

Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of organo and inorgano silicon on the plant growth，activities of antioxidant enzymes，accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium（Cd）in different varieties of Capsicum annuum L. when exposed to Cd（10 mg?kg-1）. The results showed that the fruit dry weights of‘Shinongchaotianjiao’increased by 28.1 % and 11.4 % in the presence of organo and inorgano silicon, when exposed to Cd. While the fruit dry weight of‘Yanjiao425’decreased by 32.3 % and 55.1 % compared to the control. Activities of catalase（CAT）and peroxidase（POD）were increased by silicon（Si）. The fruit cadmium chemical forms in 2 varieties of Capsicum annuum L. were in order of FNaCl>FHAC>FE>FHCl>FW>Fr. The total extractable Cd, ethanol- extractable Cd, NaCl-extractable Cd in fruit of‘Shinongchaotianjiao’obviously decreased by Si compared to the control, while the total extractable Cd, NaCl-extractable Cd and acetic acid-extractable Cd in fruit of‘Yanjiao425’increased. The cadmium accumulations of Capsicum annuum L. were in order of stew＞roots or leaf＞fruit. The fruit Cd accumulations in 2 varieties of Capsicum annuum L. obviously decreased by 19.1 % and 23.3 %, 13.4 % and 26.1 % in the presence of organo and inorgano silicon, when exposed to Cd. The cadmium accumulations in Capsicum annuum L. fruit were in order of‘Yanjiao425’＞‘Shinongchaotianjiao’.