马齿苋种子萌发特性的研究

目的]从生物学角度研究马齿苋种子的萌发特性。方法]在室温条件下,测定3种光照(全光照、自然光照、全黑暗)、6种pH值(4.0、5.0、6.0、7.08、.0和9.0)、3种土壤类型(农田土、菜园土和河沙土)和3种浸种方式(蒸馏水0、.3%KNO3和0.3%KMnO4溶液)对马齿苋种子萌发的影响。结果]马齿苋种子在自然光照和全光照条件下均有较高的萌发率,分别达95.33%和94.00%,而全黑暗条件下的萌发率则显著降低,仅有18.67%;该种子对pH值具有广泛的适应性,在pH值为4.0~8.0范围内均可萌发;该种子具有广泛的土壤适应性,河沙土最为适宜;经过0.3%KMnO4和0.3%KNO3处理12 h的种子发芽率(70%以上)要高于蒸馏水处理的(约60%)。结论]0.3%KNO3和KMnO4浸种12 h能显著提高马齿苋种子的发芽率。

Studies on the Germinative Features of Portulaca oleracea L.Seeds

Objective] The aim was to study the germinative features of Portulaca oleracea L.seeds from the angle of biology.Method] Under room temperature, the reaction of seed germination of P.oleracea L.to 3 kinds of light(whole illumination,nature lighting,whole dark),6 kinds of pH(4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0, 8.0 and 9.0),3 kinds of soil types(farmland soil,vegetable soil and river sand soil),and 3 kinds of seed soaking modes(distilled water,0.3% KNO3 and KMnO4)were studied.Result] P.oleracea seed had higher germination rate under whole illumination and natural lighting,reaching 95.33% and 94.00% resp.While its germination rate was decreased significantly under whole dark,being just 18.67%.The seed had wide adaptability to solution pH from 4.0 to 8.0.The seed had wide adaptability to soil and the river sand soil was optimum.The seed germination rate(over 70%) in the treatment with 0.3% KNO3 and KMnO4 immersion for 12 h was higher than that in the treatment with distilled water(about 60%)Conclusion] Soaking seeds with 0.3% KNO3 and KMnO4 for 12 h could increase the germination rate of P.oleracea significantly.