拖网渔船船-机-桨-网匹配研究

在拖网渔船的设计中,需要重点考虑螺旋桨与船-机的匹配、渔具与船-机-桨的匹配,实现推进系统的高效能发挥。本文引入时间概率的最佳螺旋桨参数优化确定方法,考虑拖网渔船设计的限制条件,通过优化分析,达到运营工况综合效能最佳,实现螺旋桨与船-机的合理匹配。从拖网渔船数据库中选取30艘运营状况优良的渔船进行有效拖力计算,建立拖网渔船有效拖力与主机功率和拖速的多元非线性回归方程,依据此方程得出的有效拖力结果选择网具和网板,实现有效拖力与渔具的合理匹配,最终实现渔具与船-机-桨的合理匹配。通过实船计算对比,验证了回归的有效拖力估算公式误差范围和适用性。研究表明:在拖网渔船设计初期,可以利用该公式估算有效拖力进行网具和网板的匹配,实现技术经济优化论证,最终实现船-机-桨-网的优化匹配。

Study on the matching between hull-engine-propeller-netting gear of trawlers

In the design of trawlers, it is necessary to consider the matching between the propeller-hull-engine,and the matching between the netting gear-hull-engine-propeller so as to realize the high efficiency of propulsion system. This paper introduces the time probability parameter optimization method to determine the optimum propeller,and realize the best operating conditions to achieve comprehensive efficiency and reasonable matching between the propeller-hull-engine through the optimization analysis of the limitation in design of trawlers. 30 trawlers operated in good conditions were selected from the trawler database for the calculation of effective drag force to establish a multivariate nonlinear regression equation involving effective drag force of the netting gear and the power and drag speed of the main motor;netting gears and the otter boards were selected based on the effective drag force calculated according to this equation so as to achieve a reasonable matching between the effective drag and fishing gear with the final goal to realize the reasonable matching between the netting gear-hull-engine-propeller. The error range and applicability of the effective drag force estimation formula were verified by the comparison with the calculation results of real ships. At the beginning in the design of trawlers,the formula can be used to estimate the effective drag force to realize the matching between fishing gears and otter boards and the technical and economic optimization demonstration can be realized with the final goal of the optimal matching between the hull-engine-propeller-netting gear.