青海省境内黄河上游区水沙来源及组成分析

青海境内黄河上游地区是青海省工、农、牧、渔业生产基地，也是国家列入重点开发的水电基地之一，在青海省经济发展中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来，随着黄河下游断流的日益严重，作为黄河水量主要供给地的青海境内生态环境保护已成为全社会关注的焦点。利用青海境内黄河上游主要水文测站的资料，对境内水沙来源及组成进行了分析，认为该区面积只占黄河流域面积的２３．４％，而径流量占４７．５％，输沙量只占３．８６％，是黄河的主

Source and Composition of Water and Sediment in Upper Reaches of the Yellow River in Qinghai Province

The upper reaches of the Yellow river in Qinghai province is not only a base for industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery production, but also one of source of hydraulic and electric power that will be significantly develop by government, so it play an important role in the economy development of Qinghai province. In recent years, ecological environment protection of Qinghai province, as a major water resource of the Yellow river, has aroused great concern of the whole society with frequent discontinuation of water in the lower reaches. Analysis of water and sediment materials from main hydro-stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow river in Qinghai province showed that, the area in the upper reaches of the Yellow river was only 23.4% of the total Yellow river basin, while its runoff was 47.5%, and sediment yield was only 3.86% of that of the whole basin, so it was a major area of water production and supply. Water resource of the Yellow river in Qinghai province mainly come from the region between Dari in Qinghai and Maqu in Gansu province and the nearby areas, where was a main water flow producing region of the Yellow river in Qinghai province.