苹果三种不同栽培模式对果树生长及结果的影响

为了研究苹果“双矮”栽培、普通矮化栽培和短枝型栽培等三种不同苹果栽培模式对苹果树的生长和结果的影响,在立地条件一致和管理措施相同的条件下,采用常规测量方法对其树体生长、果实发育、果品质量以及生产管理进行试验研究。结果表明,苹果“双矮”栽培模式具有树体矮小,树冠紧凑,透光良好、控冠促花容易,无大小年结果现象,产量高,质量优,作务简便,低成本高效益等诸多优势,它有效解决了果园劳力不足、劳动力成本上升的问题,而且提升了果品产量和品质,大幅增加了果园效益和果农收入,加快了传统果业生产向集约高效生产方式的转变,对发展现代高效果业有着极强的指导意义,值得大面积推广应用。

Effects of Three Cultivation Modes on Growth and Fruit-Bearing of Apple Trees

This study aimed to explore the effects of three different apple cultivation modes, namely "double dwarf" cultivation, common dwarf cultivation, and short branch cultivation, on the growth and fruit-bearing of apple trees under the same site conditions and the same management practices. Conventional measurement methods were used to assess tree growth, fruit development, fruit quality, and production management. The results showed numerous advantages of "double dwarf" cultivation mode, including shorter tree height, compact crown, improved light penetration, easier crown management and flower promotion, prevention of biennial bearing, higher yields, superior fruit quality, simplified operation, and reduced costs with increased efficiency. This addresses labor shortages and rising costs in orchards, enhances fruit yield and quality, and significantly boosts orchard profitability and farmer income. It has accelerated the transformation from traditional fruit industry production to an intensive and efficient production mode, which has strong guiding significance for the development of a modern and efficient fruit industry. Therefore, widespread promotion and adoption are recommended.