四明香鸡体重和体尺性状指标的主成分分析

以四明香鸡为研究对象，分别测定了公鸡91日龄、母鸡119日龄的体重与体尺性状指标，并进行了体重与体尺性状的主成分分析。结果表明：四明香鸡公鸡平均体斜长、龙骨长、胸宽、胸深、骨盆宽、胫长、胫围和体重分别为1884，1057，753，909，606，851，435 cm和1 59113 g，母鸡各项指标平均值分别为1818，1072，730，824，632，720，396 cm和1 64833 g；公鸡体重与体斜长、龙骨长、胸宽、骨盆宽均极显著相关（P<001）；母鸡体重与体斜长、胫长、胫围均极显著相关（P<001），与胸宽、胸深显著相关（P<005）。从主要成分的特征根和贡献率来看，体重、龙骨长、胸宽和胫长对主成分的贡献率最大，提示今后对四明香鸡的体型性状进行选育时至少应包括以上4个指标。

Principal component analysis of body weight and body measurement traits in Siming chicken

In order to study the intrinsic correlation of body weight and body measurement traits in Siming chickens, the body weights and traits of cocks at day 91 and hens at day 119 were measured and analyzed by principal component analysis. The results showed that average values of body diagonal length, keel length, chest width, chest depth, pelvis width, shank length, shank girth, body weight of cocks were 1884, 1057, 753, 909, 606, 851, 435 cm and 1 59113 g, the values of hens were 1818, 1072, 730, 824, 632, 720, 396 cm and 1 64833 g, respectively; the cocks body weight was highly significantly correlated with body diagonal length, keel length, chest width, pelvic width (P<001); the hens body weight was highly significantly correlated with body diagonal length, shank length, shank girth (P<001), and was significantly correlated to the chest width and chest depth (P<005). The contribution rate and characteristic root of the main components indicated body weight, body diagonal length, chest width and shank length play important roles. Our results suggested that at least above four indexes should be included in breeding of Siming chickens for the body size. The results would contribute to the breeding and production of Siming chickens to some degree.