甘蓝数量性状杂种优势研究

本文采用Griffing(1956)双列杂交遗传交配设计第一种方案,配制了36个杂交组合,应用配合力分析、相关分析和遗传距离分析等数量遗传学方法,对甘蓝14种数量性状的杂种优势表现进行了研究.结果表明:14个数量性状均具有杂种优势,其中单球重、全株重、净菜率等主要经济性状的杂种优势值较高;14个数量性状中,除紧实度、净菜率2性状外,其余12个性状的F_1值都与双亲的平均值呈显著的正相关;14个数量性状中有10个性状具有明显的细胞质效应;亲本间的遗传距离与杂种优势之门并不是简单的直线关系;只有在一定范围内扩大亲本间的遗传距离,才能增大杂种优势.甘蓝的杂种优势表现与亲本材料的一般配合力无关.试验中还选出几个对甘蓝育种和生产有价值的亲本和杂交组合.

HETEROSIS STUDY OF SOME QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN CABBAGE

Thirty six crosses were made by diallel crossing pattern I and combining ability, correlation, genetic distance of fourteen quantitative characters in cabbage were analysed from 1983 to 1985. Main results of this study were as follows: 1.Heteroses of 14 quantitative charaeters in cabbage were significant.Among these characters, heteroses of the head weight, plant weight and campact-ness were greater than the other characters. 2.Except for campactness and the percentage of net vegetable, the average value of other characters in F_1 were positively correlated with their parents significantly. 3.There was an unlinear correlation between genetic distance of parents and heterosis in F_1. But within a certain range, the larger the genetic distance between parents the greater was the heterosis. 4.A few valuable parents and hybrid combinations were obtained from this study.