棉花抗逆性鉴定技术标准体系的建立

棉花是中国主要的经济作物，分布区域广，生产周期长，受生态逆境胁迫影响大。培育和筛选抗逆性强的棉花品种是减少逆境灾害的主要途径，而研究棉花品种的抗逆性鉴定技术和标准是至关重要的基础工作。归纳了近年来国内外作物抗逆性鉴定的基本方法，分析了棉花干旱、渍涝、盐碱、高温热害和低温冻害冷害等5种常发易发非生物逆境（生态逆境）抗逆性鉴定的鉴定时期、鉴定方法、鉴定指标和抗逆性判定级别等，总结了抗逆性鉴定标准制定和标准体系建立的基本原则、框架和内容等。提出了进一步研究的基本思路，主要包括：研究基于光谱/高光谱等新技术的快速便捷无损抗逆性鉴定、复合逆境下抗逆性鉴定、利用分子生物学手段直接找出相关抗逆基因并以此来进行抗逆性鉴定等技术。

Stress Resistance of Cotton: Establishing the Identification Technical Standard System

Cotton is a major cash crop in China, which is widely distributed, has a long production cycle and is greatly affected by abiotic stresses. Breeding and screening cotton varieties with strong stress resistance are the main ways to reduce stress disasters, and the study on abiotic stress resistance identification techniques and standards of cotton varieties is crucial. For this purpose, this paper summarized basic methods of crop stress resistance identification at home and abroad in recent years, as well as the identification contents, identification periods, identification methods, identification indicators and stress determination levels of five common and frequent abiotic stresses (ecological stresses) of cotton, such as drought, waterlogging, salinization, high temperature and heat injury, and cold and chilly injury. The paper also summed up basic principles, framework and content for formulating stress identification standards and establishing the standard system. The basic ideas for further research are proposed, mainly including fast, convenient and non-destructive stress resistance identification based on new technologies such as Spectrum/Hyperspectrum, stress resistance identification under complex stresses, and direct location of relevant stress resistance genes by molecular biology for identifying stress resistance.