不同播期对鲜食春大豆品种产量和农艺性状的影响

为探究不同播期对鲜食春大豆品种产量和农艺性状的影响，以期充分发挥各鲜食春大豆品种的产量潜力和市场价值，本研究以7个鲜食春大豆品种为试验材料，设置3个播期，研究不同播期下各鲜食春大豆品种农艺性状、生育期及产量的变化规律。结果表明：‘苏成2号’、‘苏成4号’、‘苏成6号’、‘苏成7号’、‘新三号’在第2播期产量最高；‘苏成8号’、‘苏新6号’在第3播期产量最高；各品种开花期和采收期随着播期延迟而缩短；并在不同播期下，株高、分枝数、始荚高度、主茎节数、单株有效荚数、百粒鲜重及单株鲜籽重均发生显著变化。综上，只有适期播种，各鲜食春大豆品种才能发挥最高的产量潜力，建议第1播期应选择‘苏成4号’，第2播期选择‘苏成6号’，第3播期选择‘苏新6号’。

Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Yield and Agronomic Characters of Vegetable Spring Soybean

To explore the effects of different sowing dates on the yield and agronomic characters of vegetable spring soybean varieties, so as to give full play to the yield potential and market value of each vegetable spring soybean variety. This study took seven vegetable spring soybean varieties as experimental materials and set three sowing dates to explore the changes of agronomic traits, growth period and yield of vegetable spring soybean at different sowing dates. The results showed that the yield of ‘Sucheng 2’, ‘Sucheng 4’, ‘Sucheng 6’, ‘Sucheng 7’ and ‘Xin 3’ was the highest in the second sowing date. ‘Sucheng 8’ and ‘Suxin 6’ had the highest yield in the third sowing date. The flowering and harvesting period of each variety were shortened with the delay of sowing date. Simultaneously, the plant height, branch number, initial pod height, number of main stem nodes, effective pod number per plant, 100-seed fresh weight and fresh seed weight per plant all changed significantly at different sowing dates. In summary, appropriate sowing date can help to maximize the yield potential of vegetable spring soybean. It is recommended that the first sowing date should select the variety ‘Sucheng 4’, the second sowing date should select ‘Sucheng 6’, and the third sowing date should select ‘Suxin 6’.