耕作土壤地表三维形貌测量装置设计与试验研究

耕作土壤地表不平度对拖拉机悬挂机组作业质量与作业效率有着重要的影响。为实现准确、高效的测量耕作土壤地表不平度,利用激光位移传感器设计了一套非接触式耕作土壤地表三维形貌测量装置,可获得区域内耕作地表的三维形貌图,并计算出地表不平度。该测量装置主要包括运动测试台、控制箱和基于Lab VIEW软件的数据采集系统,测量范围为1m×1m,空间分辨率为0. 001mm,距离分辨率为1mm。实验表明:测量装置的均方根误差为0. 017mm,表明该测量装置能够准确、高效地测量耕作土壤地表三维形貌,为后续耕作土壤地表三维形貌的理论分析与耕作土壤地表不平度评价提供了有效的支持。

The Design and Experimental Research of Measuring Device about 3D Surface Topography of Tillage Soils

The surface roughness of the tillage soil has an important influence on the working quality and efficiency of tractor’s suspension unit.In order to accurately and efficiently measure the surface roughness of tillage soil,a non-contact soil surface 3D topography measuring device was designed by using laser ranging sensor,which can get 3D images of tillage soil surface and calculate the surface roughness.The measuring device mainly consists of a motion test platform,a control box and a data acquisition system based on LabVIEW software.The measurement range is 1×1m2,with the spatial resolution of 0.001mm and the distance resolution of 1mm.Through the test,the root mean square error of the measurement is 0.017mm,showing that the measuring device can measure accurately and efficiently surface roughness of tillage soil,and provide effective support for the subsequent theoretical analysis and evaluation of tillage soil surface 3D topography measurement.