基于葡萄枝条的农林废弃物基质对番茄生长发育的影响

为了解决葡萄枝条等农林废弃物农业环境污染和资源循环利用问题，以葡萄枝条、玉米秸秆、牛粪沼渣和河沙为原料，研究了复配基质的理化性质、保温、保水、保肥性能及其对番茄生长发育的影响，并对所有指标进行了主成分分析。结果表明：以葡萄枝条∶玉米秸秆∶牛粪沼渣∶河沙=3∶3∶2∶2为基础的复配基质C1具有较好的保温、保水及保肥性能，并且能够显著促进番茄的生长发育。主成分分析表明，C1是能够促进番茄植株生长发育和维持基质质量的最佳配方。研究结果可为利用农林废弃物开发新型蔬菜栽培基质提供参考。

Influences of Agri-forestry Wastes Substrate on Growth and Development of Tomato Based on Grape Branches

In order to solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource recycling of agricultural and forestry residues like vineyard pruning, this paper studied the physic-chemical characters, water and heat preservation property, fertilizer retaining ability of compound substrate and their effects on tomato growth and development, taking vineyard pruning, corn straw, cow-dung biogas residue, and river sand as raw materials; and analyzed the principle components of all indexes. The results showed that compound substrate C1 at the ratio of vineyard pruning:corn straw:cow-dung biogas residue:river sand=3∶3∶2∶2 had better performance on water, heat and fertilizer retaining. It could also significantly promote the growth and development of tomato. The principal components analysis indicated that C1 was the best formula for promoting tomato growth and maintaining substrate quality. This study had provided references for utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes to exploit new-type substrates for vegetable cultivation.