废次烟叶有效成分提取方法及提取液对小麦白粉菌孢子萌发的影响

烟叶中含有烟碱等物质，对植物病虫害有一定的抑制作用。本文采用高温高压、高温常压和常温常压提取法对废次烟叶中的有效成分进行提取，比较不同方法的差异；同时用不同方法的提取物添加到琼脂—水培养基中进行孢子萌发试验，分析烟叶提取物对小麦白粉病孢子萌发的影响。结果表明常温常压下采用3：30的物料比，用15%乙醇提取效果较优。烟叶水提取液和15%乙醇提取液均对小麦白粉病孢子萌发有不同程度的抑制作用，可以此研究为基础，开发适宜的防治小麦白粉病的植物源农药。

Extracting method of discard tobacco of effective components and the impact of extracts on conidial germination of Wheat Powdery Mildew

Tobacco contains nicotine has inhibitory effects on plant diseases and insect pests. In this paper, high temperature and normal pressure, normal temperature and high pressure, normal temperature and normal pressure three method had used to extract the effective components of discard tobacco. The extracts from different technology had added to agar water medium in the spore germination test to analysis the influnce of tobacco leaf extracts on conidial germination of wheat powdery mildew. The results show that under normal temperature and normal pressure, with material ratio of 1：20, using 15% ethanol extraction is better than other tests. The germination of wheat powdery mildew spores had been inhibited in different degrees by tobacco leaf aqueous extract and 15%ethanol extract. This research has put a foundation for the exploitation of plant resource pesticide for the control of wheat powdery mildew.