楠杆自然保护区不同植被类型土壤物理特性及涵养水源功能分析

为了研究楠杆自然保护区不同植被类型的土壤物理性质与涵养水源功能，选择了保护区6种典型的植被类型（落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林、针叶林、灌木林、竹林和草坡）下的土壤物理性质、土壤蓄水能力和土壤渗透能力等进行了研究，运用综合评价法对不同植被类型进行了综合评价。结果表明:6种不同植被类型的土壤密度为0.97 1.55 g/cm³，土壤总孔隙度为35.73%～69.25%，最大持水量为357.32~692.45 g/kg。不同植被类型的土壤物理性质、土壤蓄水能力和渗透能力有明显差异。综合评价分析表明:在不同植被类型中，落叶阔叶林（∑P_i²=0.468）土壤水源涵养功能最好，其次是竹林（∑P_i²=0.784）、针阔混交林（∑P_i²=0.914）、针叶林（∑P_i²=0.984）、灌木林（∑P_i²=1.005），没有植被覆盖的草坡（∑P_i²=1.431）上的土壤水源涵养功能综合能力相对较差。

Analysis of Soil Physical Characteristics and Water Conservation Function of Different Vegetation Types in Nangan Natural Reserve

In order to examine the soil physical properties and water conservation functions of different vegetation types in Nangan Nature Reserve, soil physical properties, soil water capacity and soil infiltration capacity etc of 6 kinds of typical vegetation types (deciduous broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, coniferous forest, shrub forest, bamboo forest and grass) were measured. The comprehensive evaluation of different vegetation types was carried out by using the comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that the soil densities of 6 different vegetation types ranged from 0.97 g/cm³ to 1.55 g/cm³, and the total porosity of soil varied from 35.73% to 69.25%, the maximum water holding capacities ranged from 357.32 mm to 692.45 g/kg. Soil physical properties, soil water storage capacities and osmosis abilities of different vegetation types were obvious different. Comprehensive evaluation analysis showed that soil water conservation function in deciduous broad-leaved forest is the best (∑P_i²=0.468) among different vegetation types, followed by bamboo (∑P_i²=0.784), coniferous forest (∑P_i²=0.914), coniferous forest (∑P_i²=0.984), shrub (∑P_i²=1.005), comprehensive soil water conservation ability on the slope with sparse grass was relatively poor (∑P_i²=1.431).