船舶压载水港口接收处理设施应用研究

船舶压载水公约已于2017年9月8日生效实施,规定了船舶压载水排放标准。目前,船舶需要通过安装压载水处理设备的方式满足公约的排放要求。但是,船用压载水处理设备性能的不稳定性及港口国监督检查的严苛,成为现阶段制约船舶有效履行公约的最大障碍。试从航运业的实际操作出发,结合压载水公约应急措施导则的要求,探讨使用压载水港口接收处理设施作为补充,来提升船舶履行公约能力的可行性。通过对压载水港口接收处理设施技术的必要性和可行性分析,对该技术与传统压载水处理技术进行了详细比较,并对其优势及应用前景进行了客观地探索和分析。可以预见,压载水港口接收处理设施作为一种新型的船舶压载水处理技术和港口应急技术,有着更为绿色、经济和高效的特点,在为船舶提供新的选择方案的同时,也为进一步保护海洋生态环境提供了有力的保障,体现了社会、经济及生态效益的高效统一。

Research on application of ballast water port reception facility

The Ballast Water Convention, which entered into force on September 8, 2017, stipulates the discharge standards for ballast water of ships. At present, ships need to meet the discharge requirements of the Convention by installing ballast water treatment equipment. However, the instability of the performance of ballast water treatment equipment and the rigorous supervision and inspection of port States control have become the biggest obstacle to the effective implementation of the Convention at the present stage. This article attempts to proceed from the actual operation of the shipping industry in conjunction with the Guidelines for Contingency Measures of the Ballast Water Convention. The requirements of the Guidelines for Contingency Measuresof the Ballast Water Convention, discuss the feasibility of using ballast water port reception treatment facilities as a supplement to enhance the ability of ships to implement the Convention, and through the analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the technology of ballast water port reception treatment facilities, the new technology and traditional ballast water treatment technologies are compared in detail, and their advantages and application prospects are objectively explored and analyzed. It can be foreseen that as a new type of ship ballast water treatment technology and port emergency technology, the ballast water port reception treatment facilities are more green, economical, and highly efficient. While providing new options for ships, they are also further protection of the marine ecological environment provides strong guarantees and reflects the efficient and unified social, economic, and ecological benefits.