黔桂岩溶山区土地利用程度演变的空间分异特征

采用空间自相关分析方法，借助ArcGIS和GeoDa软件，分析了1990—2010年黔桂岩溶山区垦殖系数、建设用地比例和土地利用程度综合指数变化的总体空间差异及局域空间分异特征。结果表明:（1）1990—2010年黔桂岩溶山区的垦殖系数、建设用地比例和土地利用程度综合指数变化的总体空间特征具有较显著的集聚性，土地利用程度综合指数变化的集聚趋势在增强，相反，垦殖系数、建设用地比例变化的集聚趋势却在减弱。（2）1990—2010年垦殖系数变化空间上整体集聚，但局部异质性增强；局部特征在空间上主要以北部“高—高”集聚（高垦殖系数集聚）和中部“低—低”集聚（低垦殖系数集聚）为主，在时间尺度方面局部变化较稳定。（3）1990—2010年建设用地比例变化空间整体集聚特征减弱，局部异质性增强；局部特征在空间上主要以南部“高—高”集聚（高建设用地比例）和中部“低—低”集聚（低建设用地比例）为主，在时间尺度方面演化的局域分异较显著，主要集中在北部、中部和南部。（4）1990—2010年土地利用程度综合指数变化空间上整体集聚且缓慢增强；局部特征在空间上主要以南北“高—高”集聚（高土地利用程度综合指数集聚）和中部“低—低”集聚（低土地利用程度综合指数集聚）为主，在时间方面演化的局域分异较显著，中部变化小、南北变化较大。

Spatial Difference of Land Use Degree Evolution in Guizhou-Guangxi Karst Mountainous Areas

Studying the spatial differences of land use degree evolution is of significance for mountainous areas to make polices according to local conditions. In this study, ArcGIS and GeoDa software were used for processing data resources, and we used the spatial autocorrelation method to analyze global spatial differences and local spatial disparities of cultivation coefficient, proportion of construction land and integrated index of land use degree in Guizhou-Guangxi karst mountainous areas from 1990 to 2010. The results are as follows. (1) During 1990—2010, the global spatial phenomenon of cultivation coefficient, proportion of construction land and integrated index of land use degree changes had a significant cluster in Guizhou-Guangxi karst mountainous areas. The agglomeration of integrated index of land use degree change had increased, on the contrary, the agglomeration of cultivation coefficient and proportion of construction land had declined. (2) During 1990—2010, the global spatial phenomenon of cultivation coefficient was agglomerated on the whole, but its local difference enhanced. Local spatial regions with ‘high—high’ correlation were mainly located in the north area, however, other regions with ‘low—low’ correlation distributed in the middle area. The local temporal changes of cultivation coefficient kept relatively stable. (3) From 1990 to 2010, the global spatial agglomerated phenomenon on the whole of proportion of construction land reduced, on the contrary, its local difference increased. Local spatial regions with ‘high—high’ correlation mainly were located in the south area, however, other regions with ‘low—low’ correlation distributed in the middle area. The local difference which was significant distributed in the north area, middle area and south area on the temporal change of proportion of construction land. (4) From 1990 to 2010, the global spatial phenomenon of integrated index of land use degree was agglomerated on the whole and slowly strengthened. Local spatial regions with ‘high—high’ correlation were mainly located in the south area and north area, however, other regions with ‘low—low’ correlation distributed in the middle area. The local difference on the temporal change of integrated index of land use degree was significant, which distributed in the north, middle and south area.