无人机技术在生产建设项目水土保持监测中的应用

目的]对无人机低空遥感技术在水土保持监测中的应用进行探索,为该技术应用于小流域综合治理、水土保持监督管理、施工监理和水土保持验收等方面奠定基础。方法]以浙江省长龙山抽水蓄能电站工程为例,结合《生产建设项目水土保持监测规程(试行)》,从背景资料分析、遥感数据获取、监测信息提取及应用3个方面,开展无人机低空遥感技术在水土保持监测中的案例分析。结果]利用无人机低空遥感技术并结合传统定位观测手段,能够精细化、定量化地完成土地利用类型、扰动范围及流失量、弃渣场挖填方量、水土流失隐患及危害和水土保持措施等监测工作。结论]无人机低空遥感技术在水土保持监测中的应用可靠性高,实用性强,计算结果的精度满足《监测规程》要求,有利于提高生产建设项目水土保持监测工作的技术水平,可为防治水土流失提供技术支撑。

Application of UAV Remote Sensing Technology to Monitoring of Soil and Water Conservation for Construction Projects

Objective] The application of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) low altitude remote sensing technology in soil and water conservation monitoring is explored, which lays the foundation for the application of this technology to the comprehensive treatment of small watershed, supervision and management of soil and water conservation, construction supervision and acceptance of soil and water conservation.Methods] Taking the Changlongshan pumped-water-storage power station project of Zhejiang Province as the study case, in reference to the regulation of soil and water conservation monitoring for construction projects(trial), we carried out the application of UAV remote sensing technology to the monitoring case analysis of soil and water conservation, including background data analysis, remote sensing data acquisition, monitoring information extraction and application.Results] Low-altitude remote sensing technology of UAV, combined with traditional positioning observation method, can complete the monitoring work precisely and quantitatively. The works included the monitoring of land-use types, disturbed range and soil loss, cuting and filling volume, hidden dangers and harm of soil erosion, measures for soil and water conservation, etc.Conclusion] Application of low altitude UAV remote sensing technology to monitoring of soil and water conservation has high reliability and practicability, and it can meet the requirements issued in the regulation of soil and water conservation monitoring for construction projects(trial). The more important things are that it can level up the technical skills if UAV remote sensing technology as applied in real work of soil and water conservation monitoring, and can give strong technical support for the prevention of soil and water loss in construction projects as well.