抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌nit突变体的诱导及其生物学特性

【目的】研究抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌nit突变体的生物学特性。【方法】将3个抗氰烯菌酯的禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum Schw.）菌株分别在含氯酸盐的MMC培养基上培养，共获得了50个硝酸盐利用缺陷突变体(nit)。比较了抗性菌株的nit突变体与亲本在无性和有性阶段的主要生物学性状。【结果】抗性菌株的nit突变体与亲本在菌落生长速率、培养性状和致病性方面没有显著差异；但某些突变体中，产孢量和产子囊壳能力方面存在一定差异。此外，禾谷镰刀菌对氯酸盐和氰烯菌酯之间没有交互抗药性，且抗性可以稳定遗传。【结论】可以将nit作为遗传标记来研究禾谷镰刀菌对氰烯菌酯的抗药性遗传学。

Induction and Characterization of Nitrate Nonutilizing Mutants of Fusarium graminearum Resistant to Fungicide JS399-19

Fifty nitrate nonutilizing(nit) mutants were recovered from 3 JS399-19-resistant mutants of Fusarium graminearum cultured on MMC media. Some biological properties,such as growth rate , cultural characters, conidial production , sexual reproduction ability and pathogenicity were compared between JS399-19-resistant nit mutants and their parental isolates.The results showed that there were no significant differences in growth rate, cultural characters and pathogenicity between JS399-19-resistant nit mutants and their parental isolates.But the conidiophore production and the sexual reproduction ability changed more or less.The results also indicated that there was no cross resistance toward chlorate and JS399-19 in Fusarium graminearum,and the resistance could be inherited independently.therefore,the nit can be used as a genetic marker for the research in the genetics of the resistance to JS399-19 in Fusarium graminearum.