上海综合性公园园亭的形式与规模特征

以上海12个代表性综合性公园的园亭为研究对象,基于实地调查数据,运用AutoCAD、Excel、SPSS等软件进行分析归纳,探明了上海公园园亭的类型、形式、规模特征及影响因素:园亭有仿古亭、现代式、欧式3种风格;平面形式主要有多边形与正多边形2种类型,多边形包括扇形、长方形梅花形、和不规则形4种,正多边形包括正三角形、正四边形正六边形和正八边形4种;立面形式主要有仿古式与现代式2种类型,仿古式包括单檐攒尖顶形、重檐攒尖顶形和歇山顶形3种,现代式包括伞形、其他几何形和不规则形3种;公园建造年代对园亭形式及建筑规模有显著影响,随着造园年代的推迟,园亭风格趋于现代,园亭类型、形式及其规模在不断减少;园亭建筑占地面积分别与公园总面积、公园建筑占地面积呈正相关。研究提出两方面建议:对当代上海公园园亭类型、形式过于单一,并与近代园林历史的断裂等现状问题,应引起重视;在公园建筑规模方面,对相关设计规范作出适当调整。

Pavilion Type and Scale of Urban Comprehensive Park in Shanghai

This paper chose the pavilions from twelve representative comprehensive parks in Shanghai as the research objects.Through field survey based on the existing data,using AutoCAD,Excel,SPSS and other software to analyze and generalize the information,the results showed that there are three styles of pavilion and eight kinds of pavilion plane and six kinds of pavilion elevation.The quantity and the type of pavilions in comprehensive parks are obviously affected by park area and construction year of the park.There was a significant linear regression relation among pavilion construction area,total area and land area of park.This research presented two suggestions:one was that we should pay more attention on the situation problems like lack of pavilion style and form,the relationship with the modern history of gardens etc.Another suggestion was that we should make adjustments to the relevant design specifications in the aspect of construction area of park.