农作物倒伏及其影响因素分析

倒伏是由外界因素引发的植株茎秆从自然直立状态到永久错位的现象。倒伏是作物生产中普遍存在的问题，已成为高产稳产的重要限制因素之一。倒伏的严重性和对产量品质所造成的损失与作物生长环境和倒伏的发生时期有关。一般来说，适宜的生长环境、促进作物生长和产量提高的措施会引发倒伏或使倒伏程度加重。作物倒伏是一个综合的、复杂的现象，它受到外界风雨、栽培技术、植物本身特性以及支持土壤系统等的多重影响。鉴于倒伏性对产量、品质的严重影响，国内外学者对作物的抗倒伏性进行了广泛深入的研究。笔者综述了对倒伏的影响因素的分析，作物倒伏与否主要受到4个系统共同制约：气候因素、生态因素、栽培因素和植物内在遗传因素。

The Performent of Lodging and Root Cause Analysis for Lodging Resistance in Crops

Lodging in crops is defined as a permanent displacement of the culms from their upright position, leading to yield loss when the combine fails to harvest the grain from the lodged plants. Lodging in crops is a complex problem because it is influenced by a large number of environmental factors and there are several different types of lodging.Plant height, straw strength and level of fertility influence lodging. Typically, shorter varieties are more resistant to lodging, but strength of the straw allows many taller varieties to stand well.Lodging tends to be more severe at high nitrogen levels. Thus, no single trait, or group of traits, has proven to be generally reliable as an index of lodging resistance.It was necessary to collect quantitative information on the plant morphology and genetic studied.The aim of this work was to introduce the progress on how to find morphological traits that are correlated with lodging and could be used as indirect selection parameters,establish methods to assess lodging resistance independent of weather conditions.