气化渣-秸秆营养穴盘制备材料的筛选研究

为筛选出制备气化渣-秸秆营养穴盘的最优材料配比，实现气化渣、秸秆等固废资源化利用，本研究以谷子秸秆为强化材料，以气化渣为主要填充材料，在热压条件下制备不同质量配比的穴盘坯块，通过坯块的吸水与保水性、抗崩解、抗振荡试验分别探索营养穴盘应用过程中为植物供水的能力、抗浸泡性能、抵抗振荡性能。结果表明：谷子秸秆添加与坯块的吸水倍数、保水率以及崩解残留率均呈显著正相关关系，其添加为营养穴盘的吸水保水性与抗崩解能力提供了保障。添加到营养穴盘中的气化渣过多反而会降低穴盘的吸水、保水性能，导致穴盘抵抗振荡的能力变弱，因此，气化渣的添加量需要控制在一定范围内。综合分析营养穴盘的供水能力、抗浸泡性能、抵抗振荡性能可知，营养穴盘制备材料最优配比为秸秆在固体混合材料(秸秆+气化渣+黏土)中的占比为70%、气化渣在填充材料(气化渣+黏土)中的占比为60%。

Screening of Materials for Preparation of Nutrient Cavity Plate from Gasification Residue and Straw

In order to screen out the optimal material ratio for preparation of the nutrient cavity plate prepared from gasification residue and straw and realize the resource utilization of solid wastes such as gasification slag and straw, this study used millet straw as the strengthening material and gasification slag as the main filling material to prepare cavity disk billets with different mass ratios under the condition of hot pressing. The water absorption and retention, anti-disintegration and anti-oscillation tests of the billet were conducted to explore the water supply ability, anti-soaking and anti-oscillation performance of the nutrient cavity plate in the application process of plants. The results showed that the addition of millet straw had a significant positive correlation with the water absorption ratio, water retention rate and disintegration residual rate of the billet, and the addition of millet straw provided a guarantee for the water absorption, water retention and disintegration resistance of the nutrient cavity plate. Too much gasification slag added to the nutrition hole dish reduced the water absorption and retention performance of the hole dish, resulting in weak resistance to oscillation of the hole dish. Therefore, the amount of gasification slag addition should be controlled within a certain range. After a comprehensive analysis of the water supply capacity, soaking resistance and oscillation resistance of the nutrient cavity plate, the optimal ratio of nutrient cavity plate preparation material is 70% straw in solid mixture material and 60% gasification slag in filling material.