Contrasting development of soil microbial community structure under no-tilled perennial and tilled cropping during early pedogenesis of a Mollisol |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 138 Haping Rd, Harbin 150081, PR China;2. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, P.R. China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China;3. College of Geographical Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, P.R. China;1. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China;2. Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia;3. Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, VIC, 3086, Australia;4. Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China;3. Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa K1A 0C6, Canada,;1. Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China;2. Climate Science Center, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States;3. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;1. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, PO Box 94062, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Alterra, Animal Ecology, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Technische Universität Dresden, Soil Resources and Land Use, Pienner Straße 19, 01737 Tharandt, Germany |
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| Abstract: | A range of agricultural practices influence soil microbial communities, such as tillage and organic C inputs, however such effects are largely unknown at the initial stage of soil formation. Using an eight-year field experiment established on exposed parent material (PM) of a Mollisol, our objectives were to: (1) to determine the effects of field management and soil depth on soil microbial community structure; (2) to elucidate shifts in microbial community structure in relation to PM, compared to an arable Mollisol (MO) without organic amendment; and (3) to identify the controlling factors of such changes in microbial community structure. The treatments included two no-tilled soils supporting perennial crops, and four tilled soils under the same cropping system, with or without chemical fertilization and crop residue amendment. Principal component (PC) analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles demonstrated that microbial community structures were affected by tillage and/or organic and inorganic inputs via PC1 and by land use and/or soil depth via PC2. All the field treatments were separated by PM into two groups via PC1, the tilled and the no-tilled soils, with the tilled soils more developed towards MO. The tilled soils were separated with respect to MO via PC1 associated with the differences in mineral fertilization and the quality of organic amendments, with the soils without organic amendment being more similar to MO. The separations via PC1 were principally driven by bacteria and associated with soil pH and soil C, N and P. The separations via PC2 were driven by fungi, actinomycetes and Gram (?) bacteria, and associated with soil bulk density. The separations via both PC1 and PC2 were associated with soil aggregate stability and exchangeable K, indicating the effects of weathering and soil aggregation. The results suggest that in spite of the importance of mineral fertilization and organic amendments, tillage and land-use type play a significant role in determining the nature of the development of associated soil microbial community structures at the initial stages of soil formation. |
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| Keywords: | Soil microbial community structure Phospholipid fatty acid Organic amendment Mollisol Soil formation Soil restoration |
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