22～42日龄肉鸡铜、铁、锌、锰不同用量组合的研究

本试验旨在研究饲粮中铜、铁、锌、锰含量对22~42日龄肉鸡生长性能和粪中铜、铁、锌、锰排泄量的影响,进而对微量元素的平衡模式进行探讨。选取940只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉公鸡,1~21日龄统一饲喂铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为16.96、166.66、46.01、60.26 mg/kg的玉米-豆粕型饲粮。试验选用22日龄、体况良好、体重接近的AA肉公鸡900只,随机分为15组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,基础饲粮中铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为8、125、40、60 mg/kg,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中按照均匀设计原则添加2~8 mg/kg铜、10~35 mg/kg铁、10~40 mg/kg锌、15~60 mg/kg锰组成的14种试验饲粮。测定肉鸡试验期生长性能,并于38~42日龄时采集粪样测定铜、铁、锌、锰含量。结果表明:1)饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量在NRC推荐量至2倍NRC推荐量范围时,对22~42日龄肉鸡的平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P0.05)。2)由最优解分析得出,粪中铜排泄量最低为23.11 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.15、116.28、82.82、60.95 mg/kg;铁排泄量最低为438.34 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为14.78、116.81、38.15、63.72 mg/kg;锌排泄量最低为102.60 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.69、127.40、40.70、133.26 mg/kg;锰排泄量最低为159.37 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为11.07、136.97、46.13、59.05 mg/kg;粪中铜、铁、锌、锰总排泄量最低为218.94 mg/kg时,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量分别为7.36、125.74、38.23、62.76 mg/kg。综上所述,饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰含量在NRC推荐量至2倍NRC推荐量范围时对22~42日龄肉鸡的生长性能无显著影响;粪中铜、铁、锌、锰任一元素的排泄量均受饲粮中其他微量元素添加量的影响,且针对不同元素最低排泄量存在不同的最佳组合;饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰的含量分别为7.36、125.74、38.23、62.76 mg/kg时,能够满足肉鸡微量元素需要量,同时粪中铜、铁、锌、锰总排泄量最小。

Research on Different Combination Contents of Cu,Fe, Zn and Mn for Boilers Aged from 22 to 42 Days

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents on growth performance and excretion of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in faces of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days, and ex?plore the equilibrium model of trace elements. A total of 940 one?day?old male Arbor Acre broilers were fed a corn?soybean meal diet, and the contents of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in the corn?soybean meal diet were 16.96, 166.66, 46.01 and 60.26 mg/kg from 1 to 21 days. Nine hundred healthy 22?day?old male Arbor Acre broilers with similar weight were selected from the flock, and were randomly divided into 15 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group were fed a basal diet, and the contents of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in the basal diet were 8, 125, 40 and 60 mg/kg, respectively. The broilers in experimen?tal groups were fed the 14 experimental diets, respectively. Fourteen experimental diets were formulated based on the basal diet by adding 2 to 8 mg/kg Cu, 10 to 35 mg/kg Fe, 10 to 40 mg/kg Zn, 15 to 60 mg/kg Mn according to the uniform design method. The growth performance during the experimental period was measured and the excretion samples were collected from 38 to 42 days for the determination of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn con?tent in feces. The result showed as follows:1) dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents between NRC recommen?dation and double NRC recommendation had no significant effects on average daily gain ( ADG) and feed/gain ( F/G) of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days ( P>0.05) . 2) According to the analysis of optimal solution, when the Cu excretion was the minimum value 23. 11 mg/kg in feces, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents were 7.15, 116. 28, 82. 82 and 60. 95 mg/kg, respectively. When the Fe excretion was the minimum value 438.34 mg/kg in feces, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents were 14.78, 116.81, 38.15 and 63.72 mg/kg, respectively. When the Zn excretion was the minimum value 102.60 mg/kg in feces, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents were 7.69, 127.40, 40.70 and 133.26 mg/kg, respectively. When the Mn excretion was the min?imum value 159.37 mg/kg in feces, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents were 11. 07, 136. 97, 46. 13 and 59.05 mg/kg, respectively. When the total excretion of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn was the minimum value 218.94 mg/kg in feces, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents were 7.36, 125.74, 38.23 and 62.76 mg/kg, respectively. In conclusion, dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents between NRC recommendation and double NRC recommendation has no significant effects on growth performance of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days ( P>0.05) . Any of the Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn Excretion in feces is affected by the dietary the other trace ele?ments contents, and there is an optimum combination contents of trace elements for the lowest excretion of any trace element. When dietary Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents are 7.36, 125.74, 38.23, 62.76 mg/kg, respective?ly, the requirements of trace elements of broilers can be satisfied, and total excretion of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in feces is the minimum value.