发酵豆粕中大分子蛋白质和肽含量对仔猪小肠绒毛结构的影响

本试验旨在研究豆粕中大分子蛋白质和肽含量对仔猪小肠绒毛结构的影响。采用凝胶过滤色谱技术分析豆粕中大分子蛋白质和肽含量。选取40头断奶仔猪,随机分成4个处理:去皮豆粕处理、发酵豆粕C处理、发酵豆粕E处理和动物蛋白处理。试验期5周。结果表明:去皮豆粕中大分子蛋白质含量约占80%,发酵豆粕中约占50%,甚至降至24%;发酵豆粕中肽含量约占19%,去皮豆粕中仅有2.7%。与去皮豆粕处理相比,发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠绒毛高度显著提高(P0.05),发酵豆粕E、发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠、空肠隐窝深度显著下降(P0.05),发酵豆粕E、发酵豆粕C处理十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度/隐窝深度均显著升高(P0.05)。由此可见,豆粕中大分子蛋白质含量与小肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度呈负相关;发酵豆粕能够在断奶仔猪饲料中使用,并且有效改善断奶仔猪小肠绒毛结构。

Effects of Contents of Macromolecular Protein and Peptide in Fermented Soybean on Intestinal Villi Structure of Piglets

The purpose of this test was to study the effects of contents of macromolecular protein and peptide in fermented soybean meal on the intestinal villi structure of piglets, and analysed the contents of macromolecular protein and peptide by gel filtration. Forty weaned piglets were randomly allotted into 4 treatments: dehulled soybean meal treatment, fermented soybean C treatment, fermented soybean E treatment and animal protein treatment. The experiment lasted for 5 weeks. The results showed as follows: the macromolecular protein con?tent in dehulled soybean meal was about 80%, which in fermented soybean meal was about 50%, even down to 24%; the peptide content in fermented soybean meal was about 19%, which in dehulled soybean meal was 2.7%. Compared with the dehulled soybean meal treatment, the villus height in duodenum of fermented soy?bean C treatment was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , the crypt depth in duodenum and jejunum of fermen?ted soybean E treatment and fermented soybean C treatment was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , the villus height and crypt depth ratio in duodenum and jejunum of fermented soybean E treatment and fermented soybean C treatment was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, macromolecular protein content in soybean meal is negatively correlated with small intestinal villus height and crypt depth ratio; fermented soybean meal can be used in weaning piglets diets, and effectively improve the structure of small intestinal villus of weaning piglets.