不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔血清生化指标、消化和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔生理机能的影响,进一步评估柚叶作为家兔饲料原料的可行性。选取120只遗传背景相同、健康的35日龄法国伊拉商品兔,适应7 d后,按体重(1 179.25±53.74)g]相近原则随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复(笼)3只。对照组饲喂不含柚叶的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含6%(Ⅰ组)、12%(Ⅱ组)和18%(Ⅲ组)柚叶的试验饲粮,4种饲粮的能、氮和纤维含量基本相等。试验期28 d。结果发现:1)除Ⅲ组血清球蛋白含量显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P0.05),Ⅱ组血清球蛋白含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05)以及Ⅲ组白球比显著低于Ⅱ组(P0.05)外,其余血清生化指标各组间无显著差异(P0.05)。2)饲粮中添加柚叶对生长肉兔消化器官发育指标无显著影响(P0.05)。除试验组后期丙酸比例及Ⅲ组中期盲肠内容物p H和氨态氮浓度显著低于对照组(P0.05)以及Ⅱ组中期p H显著高于Ⅲ组(P0.05)外,其余盲肠发酵参数各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。3)除Ⅲ组血清免疫球蛋白A水平显著低于对照组和Ⅰ组(P0.05)以及Ⅰ组血清免疫球蛋白A水平显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P0.05)外,其余免疫指标各组间均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此得出,生长肉兔自由采食含6%~18%柚叶的饲粮4周,不明显负面影响血清生化指标、消化及免疫功能,进一步提示柚叶可作为家兔的饲料原料使用。

Effects of Diets Containing Different Levels of Pummelo Leaves on Serum Biochemical Indices,Digestion and Immune Functions of Growing Rabbits

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets containing different levels of pummelo leaves on physiological function of growing rabbits,and to evaluate the feasibility of pummelo leaves used asrabbit feed ingredient.One hundred and twenty healthy and 35-day-old French IRA rabbits had same genetic background were used in this study.After adaptation period (7 d),these rabbits were randomly divided into four groups based on similar body weight (1 179.25±53.74) g],ten replicates in each group and three rabbits in each replicate.Growing rabbits in four groups were fed different diets that had similar nitrogen,energy and fiber and the levels of pummelo leaves in the diets were 0 (control group),6％ (group Ⅰ),12％ (group Ⅱ) and 18％ (group Ⅲ),respectively.The experimental period lasted for 28 d.The results showed as follow:1) serum globulin content of growing rabbits in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅱ (P＜0.05),serum globulin content in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05),and serum albumin/globulin in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05),while the other serum biochemical indices did not have significant differences among four groups (P＞O.05).2) No significant differences were detected among four groups in the development indices of digestive organs of growing rabbits (P＞0.05).The propionic acid ratio of caecal contents in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group in the later stage (P＜0.05),the pH and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration of caecal contents in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than those in control group in the mid-term (P＜ 0.05),and the pH of caecal contents in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ in the mid-term (P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in other caecal fermentation parameters among four groups (P＞0.05).3) Serum immunoglobulin A level of growing rabbits in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in control group and group Ⅰ (P＜0.05),and serum immunoglobulin A level in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅱ (P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in other immune indices among four groups (P＞0.05).In conclusion,growing rabbits are fed diets containing a certain amount of pummelo leaves for 4 weeks and there are no obvious adverse effects on serum biochemical indices,digestive and immune functions of them,pummelo leaves can be used as raw material in rabbit diets.