啶氧菌酯对辣椒炭疽病菌室内抑制与田间防效

为探究啶氧菌酯对辣椒炭疽病原(Collerotrichum gloeosporioides)的活性抑制效果和田间防效，采用室内孢子萌发法和生长速率法分别测定啶氧菌酯对辣椒炭疽病菌丝生长、孢子产生和孢子萌发的抑制作用；采用大田药剂试验分别测定啶氧菌酯对辣椒炭疽病发病率的抑制作用及对辣椒的增产效果。结果表明，25%啶氧菌酯SC可显著抑制辣椒炭疽病菌丝生长、孢子产生和孢子萌发，抑制效果最好。药后3、7和14 d对辣椒炭疽病的大田防效显著。对辣椒经济产量（辣椒红果）增加率最明显，红果干鲜重、产量增加率、单株红果干鲜重增加率，均为最高，对辣椒红果干鲜产量增加率幅度表现一致。建议在栽培管理应用中，在辣椒结果期的初期，喷施25%啶氧菌酯SC，预防辣椒炭疽病，且促进辣椒红果的转化，提高红果数。在结果期的中期，可再次喷施25%啶氧菌酯SC，提高辣椒红果的生物量，进一步提高辣椒经济产量。

Control effect of picoxystrobin on Collerotrichum gloeosporioides indoor and field

In order to investigate the active inhibition effect and field control of picoxystrobin on Collerotrichum gloeosporioides, the indoor spore germination method and the growth rate method were taken respectively to measure the active inhibition effect of picoxystrobin on mycellial growth, sporogenesis, and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides. Besides, the active inhibition and yield increasing effects of picoxystrobin on C. gloeosporioides were measured by the field chemical test. The results revealed that 25% picoxystrobin may inhibit the mycellial growth, sporogenesis, and spore germination of C. gloeosporioides significantly, and the field control was effective after using it three, seven, and fourteen days later. The dry fresh weight of red fruit, yield increase rate and dry fresh weight of red fruit per plant were the highest among all the output increase rate. Therefore, it is suggested that, in the application of cultivation management, 25% picoxystrobin should be used at the beginning fruiting stage of pod pepper in order to prevent C.gloeosporioides, promoting the transformation of red fruit pepper and increasing the number of red fruits. Furthermore, 25% picoxystrobin should be used again in the middle fruiting stage in order to increase the biomass of the red fruit and the economic yield of the pod pepper.