水稻非充分灌溉对水稻生长发育及产量构成的影响

目的]研究各生育期非充分灌溉处理对水稻生长发育及产量构成的影响。方法]设计13个水稻非充分灌溉处理,于2005～2008年在天长二峰试验站进行坑测试验。结果]水稻分蘖期水分亏缺主要推迟生育进程,影响分蘖数,导致成穗数不足而减产;水稻拔节期水分亏缺主要抑制植株株高,影响穗粒数、结实率和千粒重,导致减产严重;抽穗期水分亏缺主要降低了水稻结实率和千粒重,导致减产严重;乳熟期水分亏缺主要影响水稻千粒重,最终导致减产。结论]揭示了水稻不同生长阶段水分亏缺的生理机制和减产机理,为水稻在受到一定的水分胁迫而实现节水的同时,也能取得最佳产量和经济效益提供科学依据。

Effects of Non-sufficient Irrigation on Growth and Yield Components of Rice

Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of non-sufficient irrigation on growth and yield components of rice at different growth stages.Method] 13 non-sufficient irrigation treatments were designed to do leaching-pond experiment in the Erfeng Irrigation Experiment Station of Tianchang City from 2005-2008.Result] The results showed that non-sufficient water irrigation mainly delayed childbearing process,affected tiller number and reduced yield because of inadequate mature rice number of rice at tillering stage.At jointing stage,it mainly inhabited the plant height,affected the number of grains per spike,seed setting rate and grain weight of rice,leading to yield reducing severely.At heading stage,it mainly reduced rice seed setting rate and grain weight,leading to yield reducing severely.At milky stage,it mainly affected rice grain weight,eventually leading to yield reducing.Conclusion] The study revels the mechanism of rice physiological and yield reducing at different growth stages of water deficit,in order to obtain the best yield and economic benefits as well as to save water while the rice is in a certain water stress.