不同提取方法对双叉犀金龟蛋白质提取率 及体外抗氧化活性的影响

双叉犀金龟（Allomyrina dichotoma）蛋白质含量丰富，是一种重要的资源昆虫。采用碱提法、酸提法、盐提法和醇提法分别提取双叉犀金龟幼虫蛋白质，并以DPPH自由基清除活性、ABTS自由基清除活性和总还原力为指标，测定4种方法所提取的蛋白质的抗氧化活性。结果显示：碱提法蛋白质提取率显著最高，蛋白质浓度与抗氧化活性之间呈现良好的正相关关系，但不同种类蛋白质的抗氧化能力有所不同；其中盐溶蛋白的DPPH自由基清除活性及总还原力最强，IC₅₀和A₇₀₀为1时的浓度分别0.360 4 和4.780 5 mg·mL^-1；酸溶蛋白的ABTS自由基清除活性最强，IC₅₀为4.439 0 mg·mL^-1。综合来看，提取方法不同时，双叉犀金龟蛋白质具有一定的ABTS自由基清除活性、较高的DPPH自由基清除活性和总还原力，可为后续进一步向食品、医药等方向开发利用提供理论参考。

Effects of different extraction methods on the protein extraction rate and in vitro antioxidant activity of Allomyrina dichotoma

Allomyrina dichotoma is rich in protein and is an important resource insect. To clarify the best extraction method of its protein and in vitro antioxidant activity. The proteins of Allomyrina dichotoma larvae were extracted by alkali soluble protein, salt soluble protein, acid soluble protein and alcohol soluble protein, and the antioxidant activities of the proteins extracted by the four methods were determined using DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and total reducing power as indicators. The results showed that the protein extraction rate of alkaline extraction method was significantly the highest, and there was a good positive correlation between protein concentration and antioxidant activity, but the antioxidant capacity of different types of proteins was different. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and total reducing power of salt soluble protein and acid soluble proteins were the strongest, with the concentrations of 0.360 4 mg·mL^-1 at IC₅₀=1 and 4.780 5 mg·mL^-1 at A₇₀₀=1. The extracted proteins had the strongest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀ is 4.439 0 mg·mL^-1. Altogether, the extraction methods differed, while A. dichotoma protein had certain radical scavenging activity of ABTS, relative high DPPH radical scavenging activity and total reducing power, which provide a reference for further development and utilization in the direction of food and medicine.