黄河生态系统特征及生态保护目标识别

根据黄河流域生态和环境状况,对黄河流域进行了生态分区,并阐述了各生态区的特征。在黄河河道湿地研究和黄河水体内顶级物种(鱼类)的调查分析基础上,确定了黄河不同类型生态保护区的生态保护目标:从流域角度而言,黄河上游的主要生态保护目标是植被和水源涵养林;中游应以水土保持为主,主要是恢复和保护植被;下游以保护湿地类型和维持湿地面积为重点,保护生物多样性和重要鸟类资源。黄河水生态系统中的主要保护物种应是珍贵经济鱼类北方铜鱼、河口洄游鱼类刀鱼、鲤鱼等,主要保护的生态区包括库区湿地、河口湿地、河道湿地以及景观娱乐水域等。

Characteristics of Ecological System and Target Identification of Ecological Protection of the Yellow River

It divides the Yellow River basin into ecological zones according to the ecological and environmental status of the basin and expounds the characteristics of each zone.It decides the protective objectives for different ecological reserve area based on the study of channel wetlands and survey and analysis of top-grade species(fishes) of the Yellow River: from the point of the basin,the main ecological protective objectives of the upper stream are vegetation and forest for conservation of water supply;soil and water conservation is the main in the middle reaches for vegetation protection and rehabilitation and;the lower reaches takes types of wetlands protection and wetlands area maintenance as the main,protecting biodiversity and important birds resources.The main important protected species of water ecosystem of the Yellow River should be valuable economic fishes,such as saury and carp and the main protected ecological zones include the wetlands in reservoir area,estuary and channel and water area for sight and recreation.