黄瓜花叶病毒CA株系在花生上流行的研究

 据1985~1990年在密云县试验观察,黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)在花生上流行受病毒种传率、苗期蚜虫发生数量及苗期温度和雨量的影响。花生苗期和花针初期为易感病时期,随后抗性有所增强,但不明显。苗期和花针期发病植株,CMV种传率最高,之后带毒率有所下降。CMV种传率高低与病害流行关系,在同一年份呈极显著正相关关系,而在年度间未达显著水平。花生田间蚜虫发生盛期与病害发生高峰期是吻合的,蚜虫发生数量与病害流行关系显著。根据花生种传率和苗期蚜虫发生数量两因素6年次资料配合的病害流行预测式,其回报可靠度的置信范围在93%左右。

EPIPHYTOTICS OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV) ON PEANUT PLANTS

On the basis of observation in Miyun county, Beijing from 1985~1990, epiphytotics of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)on peanut plants was affected by rate of CMV transmission through peanut seed, aphid population and activity, rainfall and temperature during peanut seedling stage.Tests showed that peanut plant was more susceptible to CMV infection in seedling and early flowerring and pegging stages.CMV seed transmission was higher in the seeds from the peanut plants infected at seedling, flowerring and pegging stages.Rates of CMV seed transmission affected CMV spread in different peanut fields.Peak of aphid occurrence was correlated with peak of disease spread in the fields.Population of aphid on peanut fields in the early growing season was significantly correlated with epiphytotic levels of the CMV disease.On basis of the data of CMV seed transmission and aphid population at seedling stage in six years, an equation is established for the disease forecasting.