亚麻油和棕榈油对绒山羊屠宰性能、组织器官生长发育和肉品质的影响

本试验旨在探究亚麻油和棕榈油对绒山羊屠宰性能、组织器官生长发育和肉品质的影响。采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选取60只体重(18.60±1.61) kg]相近、健康的(120±10)日龄内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊羯羊,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只羊。亚麻油组(LNO组)、棕榈油组(PMO组)和混合油组(BLP组)分别在基础饲粮中添加等量的亚麻油、棕榈油和混合油(亚麻油∶棕榈油=2∶1)。预试期15 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:BLP组的宰前活重显著低于PMO组和LNO组(P<0.05),肠系膜脂相对重量显著高于PMO组和LNO组(P <0.05),胴体重显著低于LNO组(P <0.05),大网膜脂相对重量有低于PMO组的趋势(P=0.080),皮毛、头和肺脏相对重量显著高于LNO组(P<0.05),十二指肠、回肠、肝脏和胰腺的相对重量显著高于PMO组(P<0.05),肾周脂肪相对重量显著高于PMO组(P<0.05),背最长肌pH_(45 min)、△pH和滴水损失显著低于PMO组和LNO组(P<0.05),背最长肌和臂三头肌中粗脂肪含量有高于LNO组和PMO组的趋势(P=0.095、P=0.096)。由此可见,饲粮中亚麻油和棕榈油混合添加较单独添加降低了绒山羊宰前活重和胴体重,但促进了皮毛、头、肺脏、十二指肠、回肠、肝脏和胰腺等组织器官的生长,增加了肾周脂肪和肠系膜脂的沉积;亚麻油与棕榈油混合添加较单独添加减缓了屠宰后肌肉的酸变进程,降低了肌肉滴水损失,有提高肌肉中粗脂肪含量趋势,有利于改善肉品质。

Effects of Linseed Oil and Palm Oil on Slaughter Performance,Growth and Development of Tissues and Organs and Meat Quality of Cashmere Goats

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of linseed oil and palm oil on slaughter performance,growth and development of tissues and organs and meat quality of cashmere goats. The experiment using a single factor completely random design,sixty healthy(120±10)-day-old Albas cashmere goats with similar body weight(18.60 ± 1.61)kg]were selected and divided into three groups with 4 replicates per group and 5 goats per replicate. The linseed oil group(LNO group),palm oil group(PMO group)and mixed oil group(BLP group)were added the same amount of linseed oil,palm oil and mixed oil(linseed oil ∶palm oil= 2∶1)in the basal diet,respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 15 days,and the experimental period lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows that the body weight before slaughter of the BLP group was significantly lower than that of the PMO group and LNO group(P<0.05),the relative weight of mesenteric fat was significantly higher than that of the PMO group and LNO group(P<0.05),the carcass weight was significantly lower than that of the LNO group(P<0.05),the relative weight of omental fat was trend lower than that of the PMO group(P = 0.080),the relative weights of fur,head and lungs of the BLP group were significantly higher than those of the LNO group(P<0.05),the relative weights of duodenum,ileum,liver and pancreas were significantly higher than those of the PMO group(P<0.05),the relative weight of perrenal fat was significantly higher than that of the PMO group(P<0.05),the pH_(45 min), △pH and drip loss of longissimus dorsi were significantly lower than those of the PMO group and LNO group(P<0.05),and the content of ether extract in longissimus dorsi and triceps brachii was tended higher than that of the PMO group and LNO group(P = 0.095,P = 0.096). In conclusion,the mixed addition of linseed oil and palm oil reduces the body weight before slaughter and carcass weight of cashmere goats compare to adding them separately,promotes the growth of fur,head,lung,duodenum,ileum,liver,pancreas and other tissues and organs,increases the deposition of perirenal fat and mesenteric fat;the mixed addition of linseed oil and palm oil slows down the acidification process of muscles after slaughter compare to adding them separately,reduces the muscle drip loss,has a tendency to promote the muscle ether extract content,and improves the meat quality.Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):1119-1127]