富士苹果高干开心形光照分布与产量品质的关系研究

 系统研究了富士苹果高干开心形和不同方法改良的高干开心形树冠内相对光照强度分布的差异、果实产量分布特征及树冠不同部位光照分布与果实品质因素的关系。结果表明，高干开心形树冠大于30％的相对光照强度比例大，且各层分布均匀一致，呈平行排列；高干开心形、两种不同方法改良的高干开心形和小冠疏层形小于30%的相对光照体积所占树冠总体积分别为23.33%、25.95%、32.86%、40.24%；产量分别为47.4、46.6、44.9、39.5 t/hm;高干开心树形比小冠疏层形低光区少17%，产量提高20%，果皮着色、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、果形指数、糖酸比等均高于小冠疏层形。建立了品质因素与相对光照强度关系的回归方程，求出了富士苹果优质生产的最适相对光照强度范围为40%-80%。

Relationships between Distribution of Relative Light Intensity and Yield and Quality in Different Tree Canopy Shapes for ‘Fuji’Apple

The difference of distribution in relative light intensity, characteristic of canopy space in fruit yield and quality, and their relationships were studied with the four different tree canopy shapes in the'Fuji' apple orchards. The results showed that the relative light intensity in excess 30% was high and the light distribution in every layers were uniform and parallel arrangement in open center shape. The canopy volume ratio of relative light intensity insufficient to 30% were 23 33%,25 95%,32 86%,40 24% and output were 47 4,46 6,44 9,39 5 t/hm 2 in open center shape,the reform open center from small canopy shape by one year,the reform open center from small canopy shape by two years and small canopy shape respectively.The open center shape were lower 17% in useless light space, higher 20% in output and greater in fruit coloration, solubility solid matter, solubility sugar, fruit shape index and ratio of sugar and acid than small canopy shape. The regression equations in relationships between factors of quality and relative light intensity were set up to obtain optimum range of relative light intensity for good quality in'Fuji'apple.