竖井孔口式泄洪洞恒定及非恒定泄流特性探讨

结合某工程泄洪洞进口体型的选型设计，通过水力学模型试验，对三种型式的竖井孔口式进口的水力特性及非恒定泄流特性进行了观测与比较。结果表明，不同型式的竖井孔口式进口，在孔口尺寸相同的情况下，虽然恒定泄流特性相似，但其他水力特性，如流态、压力等，却有较大差异。非恒定泄流时，库水位变化主要与洪水入库过程和库容容积特征有关，泄量过程则与孔口尺寸和库水位过程有关。

The Hydraulic and Unsteady Discharging Characteristics of Shaft-Aperture Inlet

The hydraulic and unsteady discharging characteristics of three types of shaft aperture inlets are measured and compared with each other for the selection design of shaft inlet of a flood discharging tunnel by model experiments.As a result,it is found that although the discharging characteristics are similar to the three types of inlets,the hydraulic characteristics,such as flow condition and pressure distribution,are obviously different.The level profile of reservoir is mainly interrelated with the profile of flood in the reservoir and the volume feature of the reservoir.The unsteady discharging profile of the tunnel is mainly interrelated with the scale of the aperture and the level profile of the reservoir.