GGE双标图在陆地棉高产稳产和适应性分析中的应用——以长江流域棉区国审棉花新品种‘鄂杂棉30’为例

农作物品种的高产稳产和广适性一直是产量育种的主要目标,而农作物品种多环境试验中普遍存在的基因型与环境互作效应增加了广适性品种选育的难度,科学评价品种的高产稳产和适应性有助于提高新品种的选育和应用效率。本研究采用GGEbiplot~?软件分析了2012—2013年长江流域国家棉花品种区域试验中‘鄂杂棉30’等参试品种丰产性、稳产性和适应性,并采用"成对比较"功能图比较了‘鄂杂棉30’与对照品种‘鄂杂棉10号’在目标区域的适应性表现。结果表明:1)‘鄂杂棉30’在两年多环境品种试验中的丰产性突出,稳产性表现优良。2)‘鄂杂棉30’在两年区域试验中的高产稳产性综合表现(即理想指数)显著优于对照品种‘鄂杂棉10号’及其余各参试品种。3)‘鄂杂棉30’为所有参试品种中适应性最广的品种,其最适宜种植区域涵盖了长江流域大部分棉区。4)‘鄂杂棉30’在长江流域的绝大部分棉区都比对照品种更有产量优势,同时也优于其余参试品种,在长江流域棉区种植优势明显。本研究展示了GGE双标图在品种的丰产性与稳产性分析和适宜种植区域划分等方面的应用效果,明确了‘鄂杂棉30’是兼备丰产性、稳定性和广适性的理想品种,可为‘鄂杂棉30’的合理利用提供理论依据,也为其他作物品种的综合评价提供了参考方法。

Evaluation of upland cotton yield stability and adaptability using GGE-biplot analysis: A case study of 'Ezamian 30' cotton cultivar in Yangtze River Valley

The major challenge for a breeder is choosing genotypes with high yield and stability, which have always been the main objectives of crop yield breeding. However, the ever-existing genotype-by-environment interaction has also always im-peded the progress in selecting new cultivars for a wide spectrum of the environment. Scientific and reasonable assessment of the stability and adaptability of varieties are conducive for improving the selection and utilization efficiency of crop breeding. In this study, the GGE-biplot?software was used to explore and visualize yield ability, stability and adaptability of a newly registered cotton cultivar 'Ezamian 30' and other candidate lines in the same groups of national cotton trials during the period 2012–2013 in the Yangtze River Valley (YRV). Meanwhile, the "Pairwise Comparison view" of the GGE biplot was used for one-to-one comparison with the control cultivar 'Ezamian 10' for superiority of adaptability to the local conditions. The results showed that: 1) 'Ezamian 30' had a prominent high-yield and an excellent stability in the 2-year multi-environmental variety trials. 2) The integrated performance (i.e., ideal index) of 'Ezamian 30' in joint evaluation of high yield and stability was sig-nificantly superior to that of the control 'Ezamian 10' and other candidate lines in the trials. 3) The dominant suitable planting area of 'Ezamian 30' was widest among all candidate cultivars, which covered an overwhelming majority of the whole cotton planting region in YRV. 4) For one-to-one comparison, 'Ezamian 30' evidently had a beneficial planting advantage with higher yield potential than the control cultivar and other candidate lines in most of cotton growing area in YRV. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of GGE-biplot in the concurrently evaluating high yield/stability, suitable planting area de-lineation, etc. Furthermore, it showed the ideal characteristics of 'Ezamian 30' for high yield, stability and adaptability. Thus it provided not only theoretical guidelines for reasonable extension and utilization of 'Ezamian 30', but also set up a reference base for comprehensive evaluation of other varieties and/or crops.