氮离子注入棉花种子的诱变效应

用30keV的氮离子注入棉花干种子,并以~(60)Coγ射线辐照作参照,研究了M_1代损伤、M_2代变异频率和变异谱,以及剂量效应曲线及其相互关系。结果表明,氮离子能诱发棉花染色体畸变,特别是落后染色体的频率较高。在M_2变异中,数量性状,以及多个性状同时变异的频率较高,尤以4×10~6N~+/cm~2诱发的铃重、铃数、早熟和优质等有益性状的变异最多,其剂量效应曲线可用Y=A+BX+CX~2来描述。

THE MUTAGENIC EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ION IMPLANTATION IN COTTON SEED

Dry seeds of cotton were implanted with 30 keVnitrogen ion beam of various doses.The injury effects in M1 generation,the variation frequencies and the variation spectra in M2 generation,the dose effects and the relationship among them were studied.The irradiation of 60Coγ-rays with various doses was used as control.The results indicated that nitrogen ion beam was an effective mutagen for plant breeding.It could induce chromosomal aberration and high frequency of phenotypic variation in M2 generation.Compared with 60Coγ-rays,nitrogen ion beam had local injury effect,higher induced efficiency and wider variation spectra.Higher frequencies of variation with more than one mutated characters in a single plant and quantitative characters were also observed,especially with the dose of 4×1016N+/cm2.The relationship between variation frequencies of character in M2 generation and chromosomal aberration frequencies of pollen mother cells in M1 generation induced by nitrogen ion beam and dosages fitted in with the model Y=A+BX+CX.But when irradiated by 60Coγ-rays,the relations fitted in with the model Y=A+BX.