红叶植物叶片特点及外部影响因素的研究进展

红叶植物因其鲜艳的叶色吸引人们特殊关注，然而就其叶色特点及相关影响因子还没有详细的阐述。文章从叶片特点及相关影响因子2 个方面对国内外红叶植物的研究概况作了归纳总结：叶片特点包括组织结构、光合特性、色素组成及其合成过程的相关酶4 个方面；相关影响因子包括光照、土壤、温度、季节等。目前对红叶植物的研究主要集中在叶片的组织结构、光合特性、花色素的种类和含量及其合成相关酶等方面，对基因表达和调控方面的研究很少。今后应加强寻找很多环境因素对红叶植物呈色表现的影响，育种工作者可逐步开展基因表达及调控对叶色的影响，以便于扩大红叶植物的适种范围。

Research Progress of Foliar Characteristics and Influence Factors of Red-leaf Plants

Red-leaf plants draw special attention of people because of the bright leaf color. However, there is no systemic elaboration on the foliar characteristics and relative influence factors. This article generally reviewed recent researches concerning the above mentioned aspects. The foliar characteristics included tissue structure photosynthetic characteristics, pigment composition and related enzymes involved in the synthesis process. Relative influence factors included light, soil, temperature and season. The current research on redleaf plants mainly focused on leaf structure, photosynthetic characteristics, types and content of anthocyanidin, and synthesis-related enzyme, while neglected gene expression and regulation. So we should carry out the study on gene expression and regulation of leaf color in order to clarify the influence of environmental factors on the performance of red-leaf plants and expand their planting range.