不同覆盖方式对土壤水热及猕猴桃产量的影响

针对南方季节性干旱和夏季土壤高温胁迫所造成的猕猴桃产量与品质下降等问题,探索合理有效的覆盖措施来改善果园的土壤水热环境,从而实现南方猕猴桃产业的可持续发展.通过大田观测试验,研究黑膜(H)、白膜(B)、防草布(F)、防草布+白膜(F+B)、秸秆(J)、不覆盖(CK)6种不同覆盖处理下土壤水分、温度的变化规律,并比较相应...

Effects of different mulching patterns on soil moisture,soil temperature and yield of kiwifruit

In order to realize the sustainable development of kiwifruit industry,aiming at the problems such as the decline of kiwifruit yield and quality caused by the seasonal drought in South China and the high temperature stress in summer soil,the reasonable and effective mulching measures were explored to improve the soil temperature and moisture environment of orchards.Through field observation experiment,the changes of soil moisture and temperature under six different mulching treatments,including black mulching(H),white mulching(B),weed-proof mulching(F),weed-proof mulching+white mulching(F+B),straw mulching(J)and no mulching(CK),were studied.Then the differences of yield and quality of kiwifruit under corresponding treatments were compared.The soil water retention effects of mulching treatments were more significant than the contrast,and the soil moisture content in 0-50 cm soil layer under H,B,F,F+B and J treatments were increased by 1.1%,1.3%,2.2%,2.9%and 1.6%,respectively.With the increase of soil depth,the soil moisture content increased significantly.Soil temperature under single mulching treatments were decreased by 0.8-2.5℃in 0-25 cm soil layer,while the soil temperature under F+B treatment were increased by 0.9℃,and the diurnal variation of temperature under treatments were decreased by 0.9-2.1℃.Compared with CK,of single fruit weight of were increased by 0.1%-7.7%,and the effect of F treatment was particularly significant.Meanwhile,mulching treatment had a great effect on the ratio of sugar to acid,which could increase the ratio of sugar to acid by 3.8%-33.6%.The mulching of F could improve the soil moisture,heat condition,and the yield and quality of kiwifruit.It is a more suitable covering method for orchard management in this area.