新疆伊犁野生植物VA菌根真菌及其生态分布

对新疆伊犁地区8种野生植物的VA菌根真菌进行了分离鉴定,并对其生态分布进行了研究。结果表明,在8种野生植物根围土壤中均有VA菌根真菌的孢子分布,从中分离并鉴定出丽孢无梗囊霉(A cau losp oraeleg ans G erdem ann&T rappe)、蜜色无梗囊霉(A cau losp ora m ellea Spa in&Schenck)、苏格兰球囊霉(G lom us ca le-d on ium N ico lson&G erdem ann)、缩球囊霉(G lom us constrictum T rappe)、地球囊霉(G lom us g eosp orum N ico lson&G erdem ann)、台湾球囊霉(G lom us f orm osanum W u&Chen)和白色球囊霉(G lom us a lbidum W a lker&R hodes)7种VA菌根真菌,其中缩球囊霉和地球囊霉的出现频率较高,为优势菌种;同一菌种在不同宿主上的种群频度存在差异,表现出较强的VA菌根真菌与宿主植物之间的选择性;在不同地区的同种宿主上,土壤中孢子数量与平均侵染率亦存在差异,并随海拔高度增加而递减,表现出VA菌根真菌对生态环境的适应性。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their ecological distribution of some kinds of wild plants in Yili Region of Xinjiang

2 genera 7 species of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi were identified by studying the AM fungi of 8 wild plants in Yili region of Xinjiang,which were Acaulospora elegans Gerdemann & Trappe,Acaulospora mellea Spain & Schenck,Glomus caledonium Nicolson & Gerdemann,Glomus constrictum Trappe,Glomus geosporum Nicolson & Gerdemann,Glomus formosanum Wu & Chen,Glomus albidum Walker & Rhodes.The species number of Glomus genus was the highest in 3 regions and G.constrictum,G.geosporum were the dominant species.It showed that most of the wild plants could be infected by the VA mycorrhizal fungi.There were VA mycorrhizal fungi spores in every soil sample collected.The result obtained indicated that the same host plant can be infected by many kinds of VA mycorrhizal fungi at the same time,species richness was relatively high.The frequentness of VA mycorrhizal fungi differed in different host plants and reflected the stronger choice and adaptation between VA mycorrhizal fungi and the host plants.Under the same habitat the composition of VA mycorrhizal fungi differed in different host plant and demonstrateed the adaptability to the ecological environment of VA mycorrhizal fungi.