灌溉时段及水温对膜下滴灌棉花生长及产量的影响

为探究不同灌溉时段及水温对膜下滴灌棉花生理特性及产量的影响，设置4个灌溉水温梯度分别为15.00(正常灌溉水温),20.00,25.00,30.00℃,2个灌溉时段分别为日间、夜间(分别记为DW,NW)进行完全组合设计，共计8个处理.结果表明，增温灌溉提前了棉花生育进程，促进了棉花株高、茎粗、叶面积增长，有利于棉花光合作用的进行，且在夜间进行增温灌溉效果更显著.增温灌溉使棉花产量显著提高2.95%～14.13%,夜间灌溉较日间灌溉棉花产量平均提高3.34%.基于回归分析确定提高棉花产量的最佳灌溉时段为夜间，最佳灌溉水温为26.38℃,对应的产量为7 482.96 kg/hm².该研究可为北疆膜下滴灌棉花实施增温灌溉技术提供理论依据和技术参考.

Effects of irrigation timing and water temperature on cotton growth and yield under mulched drip irrigation

In order to explore the effects of different irrigation timing and water temperature on the physiological characteristics and yield of cotton under mulched drip irrigation, four irrigation water temperature levels were set as 15(normal irrigation water temperature), 20, 25, and 30 ℃, and two irrigation timing levels were daytime and nighttime(denoted as DW and NW, respectively)for a complete combined design, with a total of eight treatments. The results showed that warming irrigation advanced the growth process of cotton, promoted the growth of plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of cotton, and was conducive to the photosynthesis of cotton, and the effect of warming irrigation at night was more significant. Warming irrigation significantly increased seed cotton yield by 2.95%Symbolm@@14.13%, and nighttime irrigation increased cotton yield by 3.34% compared with daytime irrigation. Based on regression analysis, it was determined that the best irrigation time to increase cotton yield was at night, the best irrigation water temperature was 26.38 ℃, and the corresponding yield was 7 482.96 kg/hm². The results could provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the implementation of warming irrigation technology for drip irrigation cotton under film in northern Xinjiang.