20份穗花韭种质资源表型数量性状的遗传多样性分析

为探求日喀则地区穗花韭种质资源的遗传多样性，本研究对收集到的20份穗花韭(Milula spicata Prain)种质的17个表型数量性状进行了变异分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明：20份种质居群内和居群间均有较大的遗传变异和丰富的遗传多样性。除叶片数、地上茎粗、花穗粗的变异系数在30%以内外，地下茎长、花葶粗、根系长、地下茎粗、根系数量、叶宽、叶长、花穗长的变异系数在30%～50%，花葶高、株高、地上地下生物量的变异系数高于50%。主成分分析共提取到4个主成分，累计贡献率86.31%，第1主成分与地上生物量有关，第2，3，4主成分与地下生物量有关。聚类分析将材料分为2个类群，第2类群表型优于第1类群，与主成分分析综合得分排序结论一致。本研究可为穗花韭种质资源的收集和筛选提供理论依据。

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Phenotypic Quantitative traits of 20 Milula spicata Germplasm resources

In order to understand the genetic diversity of germplasm resources of Milula spicata Prain in Shigatse,variation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on 17 phenotypic quantitative traits of 20 M. spicata germplasms. The results showed that there were large genetic variations and abundant genetic diversity within or among the 20 germplasm populations. The variation coefficients of leaf number,aboveground stem diameter and spike diameter were within 30%. The variation coefficients of underground stem length,scape diameter,root length,underground stem diameter,root number,leaf width,leaf length and spike length were 30%～50%. The variation coefficients of scape height,plant height,aboveground and underground biomass were higher than 50%. The variation coefficients of four principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 86.31%. The first principal component was mainly related to the aboveground biomass,and the second,third and fourth principal components were mainly related to the underground biomass. 20 M. spicata germplasm resources were divided into two groups by cluster analysis,and the phenotype of group 2 was better than group 1,which was consistent with the result of principal component analysis. Overall,this study provided a theoretical basis for the collection and screening of M. spicata germplasm resources.