不同级别无核白葡萄果实外观与品质差异特征及分级

目的]研究不同级别果穗质量和果粒质量无核白的果实外观及品质差异特征,为无核白葡萄的优质栽培生产、果实分级提供科学依据.方法]以新疆吐鲁番市鄯善县3个不同地点的无核白成熟果实为分析样本,将果穗、果粒按质量分别分级,测定不同果穗质量和不同果粒质量的果粒硬度、果柄拉力、色差、果粒纵横径、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸、VC、...

Research on Preliminary Grading Evaluation of Fruit Quality of 'Thompson Seedless' Grape

【Objective】 To explore the different characteristics of appearance and quality of 'Thompson Seedless' grape in different grades of panicle quality and grain quality, and to provide scientific basis for high quality cultivation and fruit grading of the grape. 【Methods】 'Thompson Seedless' grapes in Turpan area were used as experimental materials,the grape bunches were divided into nine different levels based on the bunch weight,which were ≤300 g,301-400 g,401-500 g,501-600 g,601-700 g,701-800 g,801-900 g,901-1,000 g and >1,000 g,the fruit quality were divided into seven different levels basing on the fruit quality as well,which were ≤1.5 g,1.51-2.0 g,2.01-2.5 g,2.51-3.0 g,3.01-3.5 g,3.51-4.0 g,>4.0 g. Fruit characters were measured,including bunch weight,berry weight,soluble solid content,total acid,tannin content,color index and so on.Bunch quality with 9 index and berry quality with 7 index were comprehensively analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA) respectively. 【Results】 The results showed that bunch weight and berry weight were in normal distribution.A principal component analysis carried out on the quality of the ear, the tightness of the ear, the color of the fruit surface, the content of soluble solids, the titratable acid, the acid retention ratio, the VC content, the tannin and the polyphenol showed that the ratio of PCA was 87.38% and it was believed that it reflected the basic bunch character. The first principal component was sobuble solids content,ratio of SSC to acid and color of skin,the second was bunch weight,tannins and total phenol content,the third was bunch density and acid. The ratio of PCA was 86.42% and it was considered the basic berry character. The first principal component can be summarized as soluble solids content, solid-acid ratio and VC, and the second principal component can be summarized as fruit grain mass and titratable acid content. Soluble solid content and acid of bunch(>1,000 g)were inferior to others,bunch(401-800 g)were rather stable.Ratio of SSC to acid of berry(2.01-2.50 g)was the highest and berry(>4.0 g)was the smallest. 【Conclusion】 The yield of seedless white grape in Shanshan county is better when the quality of panicle is 401-800 g and the quality of fruit grain is 2.0-3.5 g.