伊犁裂腹鱼生物学特性

【目的】研究伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼系统生物学特性。【方法】2018~2020年通过采集伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼样本,运用经典鱼类生物学方法鉴定其形态特征,分析其年龄与生长等种群性状。【结果】特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼,形态特征与其他水系裂腹鱼差异小,口下缘无硬质角质;体背细鳞,臀鳞较发达;体背部淡青色,微泛黄,体侧和腹部银白色,小个体体侧有斑点。体长均值为（21.56±10.48） cm,不符合正态分布。体重均值为（404.00±483.11） g,不符合正态分布。年龄均值（7.36±3.97）⁺,不符合正态分布,其中5⁺为优势年龄个体,占11.40％。体长和体重相关方程为：W=0.022 L³（R²=0.959 4）;渐进体长L∞=65.48 cm,生产系数k=0.06,W∞=4716.67 g,t₀= 0.09,t_i=18.40⁺;生长方程为：L_t = 65.48（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}） 和W_t = 4 716.67（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）³。伊犁裂腹鱼成熟系数和丰满系数：GSI=（3.54±1.94）和K=（2.34±0.63）。【结论】伊犁河水系特克斯河伊犁裂腹鱼着细鳞,较大型土著鱼类,年龄结构差异较大,匀速生长,适应性较强,水域生态较优,生长周期较长,性状较稳定,拐点年龄大,性成熟周期长。

Biological Characteristics of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis

【Objective】To research the system biology of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis in Turks River from Ili river. 【Method】 From 2018 to 2020,to collected sampling of Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis,using traditional measurement methods to identify biological and age, analyze its growth characteristics. 【Result】 The morphological characteristics of the Turks River Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis were slightly different from those of other water system Schizothorax. There was no hard keratin in the lower edge of the mouth; the back of the body was finely scaled and the buttocks were more developed; the back of the body was light blue and slightly yellow, The sides and abdomen are silvery white, and there are spots on the sides of small individuals. Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis, The body length means is（21.56±10.48） cm, it is too distributed. The mean weight means is（404.00±483.11） g, it is too distributed. The age mean is 7.36±3.97⁺,the age is too distributed, superior individuals ages 5⁺;Length and weight relationships: W=0.022L³（R²=0.959 4）;Progressive length L∞=65.48 cm,the coefficient of growth k=0.06,W∞=4 716.67 g,t₀ = 0.09,t_i=18.40⁺;The population（n=105） of progressive length and weight growth relationship: L_t = 65.48（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）, W_t = 4716.67（1-e^{-0.06（t -0.09）}）³.The population of GSI and fullness: GSI=（3.54±1.94）, K=（2.34±0.63）. 【Conclusion】 The Turks River Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis in the Ili River water system, Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis is a large Local fish with fine scales. Its age structure is quite different, grows at a uniform speed, and has strong adaptability. The waters of the Turks River have better ecology, Fish have a long growth cycle, relatively stable traits, an older turning point, a long sexual maturity cycle, and a sharp decline in resources. To carry out the construction of germplasm resource protection zones to consolidate the ecological balance of fishery resources in the upstream tributaries of the Ili River.