哈密淖毛湖主栽甜瓜病原微生物分离及鉴定

【目的】研究新疆哈密淖毛湖主栽甜瓜品种黄86及西州蜜的健康和发病植株根、藤蔓、果实及根际土中可培养微生物的分离、培养及鉴定,为淖毛湖主栽品种的甜瓜病害防控提供必要的病原菌和微生物病害种类信息。【方法】采集病株及对照健康株样品的根、藤蔓、果实及根际土,采用稀释涂布法分离、培养细菌及真菌,采用16s rDNA及ITS 初步鉴定分离菌株,对比健康株及病株样品中的微生物,分析潜在的病原菌及微生物病害种类。【结果】甜瓜品种黄86健康株及病株中共计分离、培养鉴定可培养菌株23株,其中细菌13株,真菌10株,潜在病原菌4株;甜瓜品种西州蜜健康株及病株中共计分离、培养鉴定可培养菌株51株,其中细菌37株,真菌14株,潜在病原菌4株。【结论】甜瓜品种黄86主要病原菌2株,为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)可分别引起甜瓜枯萎病、黄萎病;甜瓜品种西州蜜主要病原菌1株,为腐皮镰孢菌(Fusarium solani),可引起甜瓜镰孢根腐病。

Isolation and Preliminary Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms from Muskmelon in Hami Nuomao Lake Area

【Objective】 Through the isolation, culture and preliminary identification of culturable microorganisms in the root, vine, fruit and rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased melon varieties Huang 86 and Xizhoumi, which are mainly cultivated in The Nuomao Lake of Hami, the this project aims to provide necessary information of pathogenic bacteria and microbial diseases for the prevention and control of melon diseases in the Lake. 【Method】 The roots, vines, fruits and rhizosphere soil of diseased and control healthy strains were collected, and bacteria and fungi were isolated and cultured by dilution coating method. 16S rDNA and ITS were used to identify and isolate the isolates. The microbes in healthy and diseased samples were compared to determine the potential pathogenic bacteria and microbial disease types. 【Result】 A total of 23 culturable strains were isolated and identified from healthy and diseased strains of melon variety Huang 86, including 13 bacteria, 10 fungi and 4 potential pathogenic bacteria. A total of 51 culturable strains were isolated and identified, including 37 bacteria and 14 fungi, and 4 potential pathogenic bacteria were found. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae can cause Fusarium wilt and Verticillium dahliae, respectively. The main pathogen of melon variety Xizhoumi was Fusarium solani, which can cause melon Fusarium root rot.