ABA和GA3对山韭种子萌发、生理特性及内源激素含量的影响

本研究通过不同浓度的脱落酸（Abscisicacid，ABA）和赤霉素（Gibberellins，GA₃）浸种，研究其对山韭（Allium senescens L.）种子萌发特征的影响及促进萌发的生理变化规律。结果表明：100 mg·L^-1 ABA和100 mg·L^-1 GA₃处理显著提高了山韭种子的发芽率、发芽势、胚芽长、胚根长和胚芽胚根的鲜重（P<0.05）。与施加蒸馏水处理相比，ABA和GA₃处理均显著提高了可溶性蛋白含量、脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性（P<0.05）；100 mg·L^-1 GA₃处理显著提高了山韭胚芽乙烯（Ethrel，ETH）含量和ABA含量（P<0.05），100 mg·L^-1 ABA处理显著增加了山韭胚芽GA₃的含量而显著降低了ABA含量（P<0.05）。主成分分析和相关性分析表明：山韭种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数与可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量以及酶活性之间显著正相关。100 mg·L^-1 ABA和100 mg·L^-1 GA₃对山韭种子的萌发及生长均具有显著的促进作用，ABA处理通过提高山韭胚芽内源GA₃含量促进种子萌发，GA₃处理通过提高山韭胚芽内源ETH含量促进种子萌发。

Effects of ABA and GA3 on Seed Germination,Physiological Characteristics and Endogenous Hormone Contents of Allium senescens L.

In this study, different concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA₃) were used to soak seeds to study their effects on the germination characteristics of Allium senescens L. seeds and the physiological changes in promoting germination. The results showed that 100 mg·L^-1 ABA and 100 mg·L^-1 GA₃ treatments significantly increased the germination potential, germ length, radicle length, and fresh weight of germ radicle (P < 0.05). Compared with distilled water, both ABA and GA₃ treatments significantly increased the soluble protein content, lipase, and protease activity (P < 0.05);GA₃ treatment significantly increased the ETH content and ABA content in the germ of A. senescens (P < 0.05), and 100 mg·L^-1 ABA treatment significantly increased the content of GA₃ and decreased the content of ABA significantly (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis and correlation analysis showed that the germination rate, germination index, and vigor index of A. senescens seeds were significantly positively correlated with soluble protein, soluble sugar, and enzyme activity. The germination and growth of A. senescens seeds were significantly promoted under the treatments of 100 mg·L^-1 ABA and 100 mg·L^-1 GA₃. ABA treatment promoted seed germination by increasing the content of GA₃ in the germs, and GA₃ treatment promoted the germination of seeds by increasing the content of ETH.