不同水稻品种在陕北盐碱地的适宜性

陕北定边县部分盐碱地培育和筛选适宜盐碱地种植的水稻品种，对于盐碱地的利用和生态环境的改善有着重要意义．在定边县堆子梁镇营盘梁村开展大田试验，设置 4 个处理 T1,T2,T3 和 T4，分别为隆优 619、宁靖 28、东稻 4 号、水稻 FL478，均采用井水作为灌溉水源，以研究不同品种水稻种植对盐碱土壤理化性质、养分、土壤离子变化、水稻生长状况以及产量的影响．结果表明: 与种植水稻前相比，各处理土壤 pH 值和全盐质量比均有不同程度降低( P<0.05,P<0.01) ．种植水稻后，各处理促进了土壤黏粒含量的降低、粉粒含量的提高，而砂粒含量均有所降低．各处理土壤有机质质量比和全氮质量比均有不同程度提高( P<0.01) ，但有效磷和速效钾质量比显著降低( P<0.05) ． 处理 T1,T2,T3 和 T4 的土壤耕作层有机质质量比较种植水稻前分别提高219.87%,398.34%,218.91% 和 277. 53%; 全氮质量比分别提高 150. 00%,300. 00%,160. 71% 和29.23%．各处理 Ca²⁺,Mg

Suitability of different rice varieties in saline-alkali land in northern Shaanxi

The cultivation and screening of rice varieties suitable for cultivation in saline-alkali land in Dingbian County, northern Shaanxi is of great significance for the utilization of saline-alkali land and the improvement of the ecological environment. A field experiment was carried out in Yingpanliang Village, Duiziliang Town, Dingbian County. Four treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 were set up, namely Longyou 619, Ningjing 28, Dongdao No. 4, and rice FL478. Well water was used as irrigation water sources to study the effects of different rice varieties on the physical and chemical properties, nutrients, soil ion changes, rice growth status and yield of saline-alkali soils. The results show that compared with that before rice planting, the soil pH value and total salt content of each treatment decreased to different degrees(P<0.05, P<0.01). After planting rice, each treatment promoted the reduction of soil clay content and the increase of silt content, while the sand content decreased. The soil organic matter content and total nitrogen content of each treatment increased to different degrees(P<0.01), but the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium decreased significantly(P<0.05). The organic matter content of soil tillage layer in treatment T1, T2, T3, and T4 increased by 219.87%, 398.34%, 218.91%, and 277.53%, respectively, and the total nitrogen content increased by 150.00%, 300.00%, 160.71%, and 29.23% respectively. The contents of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Cl^-, SO^2-₄ and HCO^-₃ in each treatment were decreased by 46.76%, 63.78%, 33.91%, 63.78% and 43.18%, respectively, when compared with the background value. Planting rice has a significant effect on soil desalination. The relationship between each treatment and rice plant height growth and number of ears per m² was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was significant different in 100-grain mass quality and yield between treatment T1 and rice planted in saline-alkali land(P<0.01). Treatment T1 improved by 4.96%, 42.78% and 161.64% compared with T2, T3 and T4,respectively. Longyou 619 and Ningjing 28 have higher rice yields and are more suitable rice varieties for planting in saline-alkali land in northern Shaanxi, and can be promoted in northern Shaanxi.