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不同放牧方式对山地草甸生产与生态功能及其权衡关系的影响
引用本文:夏树淼,蔚恒瑞,郑伟,张宝江,邓刚,张海东. 不同放牧方式对山地草甸生产与生态功能及其权衡关系的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(8): 1972-1981. DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.08.006
作者姓名:夏树淼  蔚恒瑞  郑伟  张宝江  邓刚  张海东
作者单位:1. 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;2. 新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;3. 喀纳斯景区管理委员会林业局, 新疆 布尔津 836600;4. 中国地质调查局乌鲁木齐自然资源综合调查中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01A42);国家自然科学基金(32060402);新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局草原生态修复治理补助(XJCYZZ202006)资助
摘    要:
为实现喀纳斯景区山地草甸的可持续管理,本研究通过设置无牧对照(NG)、单牧马-轻牧区(HG)、牛马混牧-重牧区(MG)三种放牧方式,探求提高山地草甸生态系统多项生产和生态功能协同性的放牧方式。结果表明:不同放牧方式下山地草甸的生产功能放牧后较放牧前均有下降,生态功能中土壤N:P、植物N:P、凋落物N:P放牧后较放牧前均升高,其他生态功能降低,但HG的Shannon-Wiener指数在放牧后变化不大;NG的土壤呼吸速率和植被C:N升高。在山地草甸生态系统生产和生态功能的权衡关系中,权衡、协同和不相关关系同时存在,与牧草产量,草地质量指数相关的生产和生态功能存在协同关系;与植被平均高度、土壤呼吸速率、土壤碳储量相关的生产和生态功能存在权衡关系,其余指标为不相关关系。综上所述,最适放牧方式为HG,其协同关系最佳。

关 键 词:山地草甸  放牧方式  生产功能  生态功能  权衡分析
收稿时间:2021-12-29

Effects of Different Grazing Methods on the Production and Ecological Functions of Mountain Meadows and their Trade-off Relationships
XIA Shu-miao,WEI Heng-rui,ZHENG Wei,ZHANG Bao-jiang,DENG Gang,ZHANG Hai-dong. Effects of Different Grazing Methods on the Production and Ecological Functions of Mountain Meadows and their Trade-off Relationships[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(8): 1972-1981. DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.08.006
Authors:XIA Shu-miao  WEI Heng-rui  ZHENG Wei  ZHANG Bao-jiang  DENG Gang  ZHANG Hai-dong
Affiliation:1. College of Grassland Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China;2. Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Xinjiang, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China;3. Kanas Scenic Area Management Committee of Altay Prefecture, Brzin, Xinjiang, 836600, China;4. Center of Urumqi Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
Abstract:
To achieve sustainable management of the mountain meadow in the Kanas Scenic Spot,we set up three grazing methods in this study:no grazing control (NG),single grazing horse-light grazing area (HG),and mixed grazing of cattle and horses-heavy grazing area (MG),explored synergistic grazing methods of multiple production and ecological functions of mountain meadow ecosystem. The results showed:the production function of mountain meadows under the tested grazing practices decreased after grazing compared to before grazing,ecological functions of soil N:P,plant N:P,and litter N:P all increased after grazing compared to that of before grazing,and other ecological functions decreased,but the Shannon-Wiener index of HG did not change much after grazing;soil respiration rate and plant C:N of NG increased. In the trade-off relationship between production and ecological functions of mountain meadow ecosystems,trade-offs,synergetic and no relationships at the same time. There was a synergistic relationship between production and ecological functions related to forage yield and grassland quality index. It is related to average vegetation height and soil respiration rate. There was a trade-off relationship between production and ecological functions related to soil carbon storage,and the rest of the indicators are irrelevant. To sum up,the most suitable grazing method is HG,and its synergy relationship is the best.
Keywords:Mountain meadows  Grazing methods  Productive functions  Ecological functions  Trade-off analysis  
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