不同种植模式和刈割时间对油莎豆块茎养分含量和营养品质的影响

为探究连/轮作模式对块茎养分含量和营养品质的影响,本研究以油莎豆(Cyperus esculentus L.)为材料，利用大田种植模式，进行油莎豆连作与油莎豆-小麦轮作试验，分别在刈割时间(8月1日、8月24日、9月16日)测定分析了土壤的理化性质及块茎的养分含量和营养品质的变化。结果表明：连/轮作和刈割时间的交互作用对块茎全氮、全钾、粗蛋白和可溶性糖含量影响显著(P<0.05)。在连作和轮作模式下，随刈割时间延长，块茎的全钾含量呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05)，粗脂肪含量呈显著先下降后上升趋势(P<0.05)。轮作极显著增加了块茎的全氮和全钾含量(P<0.01)。连/轮作模式通过改变土壤盐基离子影响土壤pH，进而对块茎养分含量产生影响。因此，种植模式和刈割时间的选择可影响油莎豆的养分分配模式和营养品质，以期为油莎豆高产模式体系的构建提供科学参考。

Effects of different planting patterns and mowing time on nutrient contents and nutritional quality in the tuber of Cyperus esculentus L.

To explore the effects of continuous cropping (CC) and rotation cropping (RC) on the nutritional content and quality of the tuber,we selected Cyperus esculentus L. to conduct a field experiment. Under the two planting patterns,i.e.,CC for C. esculentus and RC of C. esculentus-wheat,the tuber and soil samples were collected at the three mowing time points (August 1,August 24,and September 16),for the survey on physicochemical property in soil and nutrition in tuber. The results showed that the interaction of planting patterns of CC/RC and mowing time had significant effects on total nitrogen,total potassium,crude protein,and soluble sugar in tuber (P < 0.05). Under the CC or RC,the later mowing time significantly decreased the total potassium (P < 0.05),but the ether extract was significantly firstly decreased and then increased (P < 0.05),in tuber. Meanwhile,the RC significantly increased the total nitrogen and total potassium in tuber (P < 0.01). The CC/RC patterns changed soil pH and base ions,and therefore caused a significant impact on the nutritional contents in tuber. Our results confirmed the effects of planting pattern and mowing time on nutritional content and quality in tuber,and provided a basis for the construction of a high-yield production system,in C. esculentus.