高温胁迫对无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄叶片光合及荧光特性的影响

【目的】分析不同光温条件下无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄光合特性与荧光特性的变化,研究高温胁迫对无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄光合作用的影响,以及高温对无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄光合特性的影响。【方法】以无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄为材料,采用LI-6400,FMS-2等仪器测定光合指标,分析高温胁迫对无核白鸡心和无核翠宝葡萄光合作用的影响。【结果】2020年葡萄生长发育期（4~9月）,高温环境的日最高温度43℃,日最高温超过40 ℃的天数为16 d;适温环境的日最高温仅38 ℃。高温环境与适温环境最高PAR光辐射强度值分别为1 887 和1 730 µmol/（m²·s）;2个品种的净光合速率日变化均呈双峰曲线,在10：00时高温环境Pn高达18.9 µmol/（m²·s）,高于适温环境13.0 µmol/（m²·s）。无核白鸡心在适温环境下光补偿点较高,无核翠宝在高温环境光补偿点较高;2个品种表观量子效率和暗呼吸速率在高温环境较高。无核翠宝qP和NPQ值在高温环境中高于适宜环境;无核白鸡心在高温环境中ΦPSⅡ值和电子传递速率值高于适宜环境。【结论】无核白鸡心在高温环境净光合速率最高,光合能力表现较好,长期在高温环境下生长已经适应高温。

Effects of High Temperature Stress on Photosynthetic and Fluorescence Characteristics of Centennial Seedless and Wuhe Cuibao Grape Leaves

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of high temperature stress on its photosynthesis and photosynthetic characteristics through the changes of photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of Centennial Seedless and Wuhe Cuibao grapes under different light and temperature conditions. 【Methods】 In the experiment, the Centennial Seedless and Wuhe Cuibao grapes were used as materials, and the photosynthetic indexes were measured by instruments such as LI-6400, FMS-2. The effect of high temperature stress on photosynthesis of Centennial Seedless and Wuhe Cuibao grapes were comprehensively analyzed.【Results】 During the grape growth and development period（April to September） in 2020,the highest temperature in the high temperature environment was 43 ℃,the number of days when the highest daily temperature exceeded 40 ℃was 16 days;the highest temperature in the suitable temperature wasonly 38 ℃.And the highest PAR light radiation intensity values in high and suitable temperature were 1,887 and 1,730 µmol/（m²·s）, respectively. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of two cultivars both showed bimodal curve. At 10：00 the high temperature environmentPn reached up to 18.9 µmol/（m²·s）, which was higher than that 13.0 µmol/（m²·s） in the suitable temperature. The light compensation point of ‘Centennial Seedless’ was higher in the suitable temperature environment, while Wuhe Cuibao was in the high temperature environment; the apparent quantum efficiency and dark respiration rate of the two varieties were higher in the high temperature environment. The qP and NPQ values of Wuhe Cuibao in high temperature environment were higher than suitable environment; ΦPSⅡ value and electron transfer rate of Centennial Seedless in high temperature environment significantly were greater than the suitable environment.【Conclusion】 In the high temperature environment, the net photosynthetic rate of Centennial Seedless is the highest, and its photosynthetic capacity is better.The variety can grow well in the high temperature environment because it has adapted to high temperature areas.