基于MCR和重力模型下的厦门市生态空间网络构建

伴随高密集土地开发，城市内部生态栖息地被严重侵蚀，致使区域生态走廊分散度、隔离度剧增，削弱生态斑块间的有效连接，影响了区域可持续发展。研究基于形态学空间格局分析（MSPA）、最小阻力模型（MCR）和重力模型，对厦门市重要生态源地进行提取，并模拟构建其生态走廊。结果表明:1）根据MSPA分析结果，厦门市核心区在所有景观类型中占比最高，为89.29%，且景观类型多为林地，占核心区总面积49.69%；2）结合重要生态源地景观连通指数，共选取17块生态源地，其中，1号生态源地的dPC值最高（81.369），面积最大（59 726.385 hm²）；3）基于MCR和重力模型构建142条生态廊道，廊道分别占林地景观、水体景观和草地景观面积的21.57%、41.56%和17.42%。根据研究结果，在湖里区北部及集美区、海沧区南部等生态栖息地空白区适当建造小型或中型“踏脚石（stepping stone）”是十分必要的，以维持生态服务功能和区域内生态系统平衡。该研究结果可为厦门市构建更为完整结构的区域生态模式，并为类似高密度沿海建设区域生态空间网络营建提供参考和借鉴。

Construction of Ecological Space Network in Xiamen City Based on MCR and Gravity Model

With the highly intensive land development,the ecological habitat in the city is seriously eroded,resulting in the dispersion and isolation of regional ecological corridors,weakening the effective connection between ecological patches,and affecting the sustainable development of the region.Based on morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) and gravity model,this study extracted the important ecological sources of Xiamen City,and simulated the construction of the ecological corridors in the city.The results showed that 1) according to the MSPA analysis,the core area of the city accounted for the highest proportion of all landscape types (89.290%),and most of the landscape types were forests,accounting for 49.69% of the total core area.2) Combined with landscape connectivity index of important ecological sources,a total of 17 ecological sources were selected.Among them,No.1 ecological source had the highest dPC value (81.369) and the largest area (59 726.385 hm²).3) According to the results,some suggestions were put forward:to construct small or medium-sized stepping stones in the north of Huli District,in the south of Jimei District and Haicang District to maintain the ecological service function and ecosystem balance in the region.The results of this study can be used for the construction of a more complete regional ecological model in Xiamen,and provide reference for the construction of ecological space network in similar high-density coastal construction areas.