不同施肥配比对玉米杂交制种产量及其生长发育的影响

通过8年试验,研究在北方白浆土中等肥力条件下,不同施肥配比对玉米杂交制种产量及其生长发育的影响。结果表明:不同处理总的产量趋势是MNPK>MNP>MN>NPK>NP>N>M>ck。在玉米杂交制种增产的肥力因素中,土壤基础肥力贡献占40％,肥料贡献占60％。在肥料贡献中,有机肥占25.6％,化肥占74.4％。在化肥贡献中,氮、磷、钾分别占64.8％、25.2％和10.0％。每千克N、P_2O_5、K_2O和有机肥(有机质含量35.2％)可分别增产种子6.10,4.75,1.42,0.03kg。生产1kg种子需要N 0.11kg,P_2O_5 0.05kg,K_2O0.07kg,有机肥(有机质含量35.2％)32.22kg。

Effect of Different Ratios of Fertilizer Application on Yield and Growth of Hybrid Maize Seeds

Through 8-year experiments, the authors have proved that different ratios of fertilizer application have an effect on yield and growth of maize hybrid seeds under the conditions of middle fertility in white liquor soil of North China. General yield trend of each treatment is MNPK> MNP > MN > NPK > NP > N > M > ck. Its basic principle is that different ratios of fertilizer application can change nutrient content and its supply in soil. It affects physiological function of photosynthesis, grain filling rotes and changes of nutrient content in growing seeds, thus proceeds to influence its yield. Among fertility factors of leading to yield increase in the process of producing hybrid maize seeds, the contribution of basic soil fertility to yield accounts for 40%, and contribution of fertilizer accounts for 60%. Organic fertilizer accounts for 25.6% of the contribution, and chemical fertilizer 74.4%. As to chemical fertilizer, the contribution of three major elements, N, P and K is 64.8% ,25.2% and 10.0% respectively. 1 kg of N, P_2O_5, K_2O and organic fertilizer (containing 35.2% of organic matter) can increase 6.10,4.75, 1.42, and 0.03 kg of seed yeild. To produce 1 kg of seeds needs N 0.11 kg, P_2O_5 0.05 kg, K_2O 0.07 kg and organic fertilizer 32.22 kg.